Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Physiol Plant. 2013 Jan;147(1):36-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01627.x. Epub 2012 May 3.
The stems and roots of most dicot plants increase in diameter by radial growth, due to the activity of secondary meristems. Two types of meristems function in secondary plant body formation: the vascular cambium, which gives rise to secondary xylem and phloem, and the cork cambium, which produces a bark layer that replaces the epidermis and protects the plant stem from mechanical damage and pathogens. Cambial development, the initiation and activity of the vascular cambium, leads to an accumulation of wood, the secondary xylem tissue. The thick, cellulose-rich cell walls of wood provide a source of cellulose and have the potential to be used as a raw material for sustainable and renewable energy production. In this review, we will discuss what is known about the mechanisms regulating the cambium and secondary tissue development.
大多数双子叶植物的茎和根通过径向生长增加直径，这是由于次生分生组织的活动。两种类型的分生组织在次生植物体形成中起作用：维管形成层，它产生次生木质部和韧皮部，以及栓形成层，它产生替代表皮并保护植物茎免受机械损伤和病原体侵害的树皮层。形成层发育、维管形成层的起始和活性导致木材（次生木质部组织）的积累。木材中厚的、富含纤维素的细胞壁提供了纤维素的来源，并具有用作可持续和可再生能源生产原料的潜力。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论关于调节形成层和次生组织发育的机制的已知内容。
