Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Metabolism. 2012 Oct;61(10):1404-12. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.03.017. Epub 2012 Apr 30.
The objective was to determine the contribution of dietary fat quantity and composition to lipolysis and lipolytic gene expression in humans in relation to obesity, insulin resistance, and the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Men and women with the MetS were randomly assigned to one of four isoenergetic diets: a high-fat saturated fat diet (n=10), a high-fat monounsaturated fat diet (n=7), and two low-fat high-complex carbohydrate (LFHCC) diets, one supplemented with 1.24 g/day long-chain n-3 PUFA (LFHCC: n=7, LFHCCn-3: n=8). Subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were taken before and after the 12-week dietary intervention period. ATGL and HSL mRNA and protein expression was determined. Whole body rate of appearance of free fatty acids (Ra(FFA)) was determined by intravenous infusion of [(2)H(2)]-palmitate in a subgroup of men (n=20). Adipose tissue ATGL and HSL mRNA and protein expression was not affected by alterations in dietary fat composition. Pooled analysis comparing the low- and high-fat diets showed that ATGL and HSL protein expression was significantly reduced after the LFHCC diets (P=.04), irrespective of long-chain n-3 PUFA. Moreover, LFHCC diets lowered fasting insulin, HOMA(IR), and (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations (P≤.05). Changes in ATGL and HSL protein expression was positively associated with changes in whole body Ra(FFA) (P<.03). The low-fat high-complex carbohydrate diets reduced ATGL and HSL protein expression and significantly improved circulating lipids and insulin sensitivity. Under isoenergetic conditions, dietary fat quantity, rather than composition, may be most important for modulating subcutaneous adipose tissue ATGL and HSL protein expression.
目的是确定饮食脂肪数量和组成对肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和代谢综合征（MetS）患者脂肪分解和脂肪分解基因表达的影响。患有 MetS 的男性和女性被随机分配到四种等热量饮食中的一种：高脂肪饱和脂肪饮食（n=10）、高脂肪单不饱和脂肪饮食（n=7）和两种低碳水化合物高复合碳水化合物（LFHCC）饮食，其中一种补充 1.24 克/天长链 n-3 PUFA（LFHCC：n=7，LFHCCn-3：n=8）。在 12 周饮食干预期间前后采集皮下脂肪组织活检。测定 ATGL 和 HSL mRNA 和蛋白表达。通过静脉输注 [(2)H(2)]-棕榈酸，在一部分男性中（n=20）测定全身游离脂肪酸出现率（Ra(FFA)）。饮食脂肪组成的改变不会影响脂肪组织 ATGL 和 HSL mRNA 和蛋白表达。比较低脂肪和高脂肪饮食的汇总分析表明，LFHCC 饮食后 ATGL 和 HSL 蛋白表达显著降低（P=.04），与长链 n-3 PUFA 无关。此外，LFHCC 饮食降低了空腹胰岛素、HOMA(IR)和（LDL）-胆固醇浓度（P≤.05）。ATGL 和 HSL 蛋白表达的变化与全身 Ra(FFA)的变化呈正相关（P<.03）。低碳水化合物高复合碳水化合物饮食降低了 ATGL 和 HSL 蛋白表达，并显著改善了循环脂质和胰岛素敏感性。在等热量条件下，饮食脂肪量，而不是组成，可能对调节皮下脂肪组织 ATGL 和 HSL 蛋白表达最重要。
