Teva Inmaculada, Bermúdez Maria Paz, Ramiro Maria Teresa, Buela-Casal Gualberto
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España.
Rev Med Chil. 2012 Jan;140(1):50-8. Epub 2012 Apr 12.
There is a great regional heterogeneity in the prevalence of HIV/ AIDS.
To analyze the current situation of HIV/AIDS in Latin America by means of a comparative analysis among countries.
In a descriptive study (document analysis), epidemiological data about HIV/AIDS in Latin America as well as population data were used. Prevalence indexes and the distribution of HIV/AIDS cases were compared according to gender, age and transmission mode.
Dominican Republic, Panama, El Salvador and Honduras are the countries with the highest prevalence indexes. Colombia is in the first position in percentage of young men with HIV/AIDS and it is in the second position in percentage of children. Costa Rica is the second country for percentage of young men and male adults infected with HIV/AIDS. Paraguay is in the second place for children with HIV/AIDS and it is the third country in young men living with HIV/AIDS. Dominican Republic is in the first position in the percentage of young and adult females living with HIV/AIDS. The main transmission mode in all Latin American countries is sexual intercourse (heterosexual and homo/bisexual).
Latin America is a heterogeneous region in HIV/AIDS which should be considered in the development and establishment of prevention strategies.
艾滋病毒/艾滋病的流行率存在很大的地区差异。
通过各国间的比较分析来剖析拉丁美洲艾滋病毒/艾滋病的现状。
在一项描述性研究（文献分析）中，使用了拉丁美洲关于艾滋病毒/艾滋病的流行病学数据以及人口数据。根据性别、年龄和传播方式对流行率指标以及艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例的分布情况进行了比较。
多米尼加共和国、巴拿马、萨尔瓦多和洪都拉斯是流行率指标最高的国家。哥伦比亚在感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的青年男性比例中位居第一，在儿童比例中位居第二。哥斯达黎加在感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的青年男性和成年男性比例方面位列第二。巴拉圭在感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的儿童数量方面位居第二，在感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的青年男性数量方面位列第三。多米尼加共和国在感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的青年女性和成年女性比例方面位居第一。所有拉丁美洲国家的主要传播方式都是性行为（异性性行为和同性/双性性行为）。
拉丁美洲在艾滋病毒/艾滋病方面是一个存在差异的地区，在制定和确立预防策略时应予以考虑。
