University of Utah , Rocky Mountain Center for Occupational and Environmental Health , Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
J Occup Environ Hyg. 2012;9(6):353-61. doi: 10.1080/15459624.2012.679480.
Currently, there is no Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)-approved sampling method that provides real-time results for ambient concentrations of diesel particulates. This study investigated whether a commercially available aerosol spectrometer, the Grimm Portable Aerosol Spectrometer Model 1.109, could be used during underground mine operations to provide accurate real-time diesel particulate data relative to MSHA-approved cassette-based sampling methods. A subset was to estimate size-specific diesel particle densities to potentially improve the diesel particulate concentration estimates using the aerosol monitor. Concurrent sampling was conducted during underground metal mine operations using six duplicate diesel particulate cassettes, according to the MSHA-approved method, and two identical Grimm Model 1.109 instruments. Linear regression was used to develop adjustment factors relating the Grimm results to the average of the cassette results. Statistical models using the Grimm data produced predicted diesel particulate concentrations that highly correlated with the time-weighted average cassette results (R(2) = 0.86, 0.88). Size-specific diesel particulate densities were not constant over the range of particle diameters observed. The variance of the calculated diesel particulate densities by particle diameter size supports the current understanding that diesel emissions are a mixture of particulate aerosols and a complex host of gases and vapors not limited to elemental and organic carbon. Finally, diesel particulate concentrations measured by the Grimm Model 1.109 can be adjusted to provide sufficiently accurate real-time air monitoring data for an underground mining environment.
目前，美国矿山安全与健康管理局 (MSHA) 尚未批准任何一种能够实时提供环境中柴油颗粒物浓度采样方法。本研究旨在探讨一款商业可用的气溶胶光谱仪——Grimm 便携式气溶胶光谱仪 1.109 型号——是否可用于地下矿山作业，以提供相对于 MSHA 批准的基于盒式采样方法的准确实时柴油颗粒物数据。该研究的一部分目的是估算特定尺寸的柴油颗粒密度，以利用气溶胶监测仪提高对柴油颗粒物浓度的估算。本研究在地下金属矿山作业期间进行了同步采样，使用了六个重复的柴油颗粒物盒式采样器，采样方法符合 MSHA 的要求，同时还使用了两台相同的 Grimm 1.109 型号仪器。线性回归被用于建立与盒式采样结果的平均值相关的 Grimm 结果调整因子。使用 Grimm 数据的统计模型生成了与时间加权平均盒式采样结果高度相关的预测柴油颗粒物浓度（R²=0.86，0.88）。在观察到的粒径范围内，特定尺寸的柴油颗粒物密度并非恒定不变。通过粒径大小计算出的柴油颗粒物密度的方差支持了当前的理解，即柴油排放物是由颗粒物气溶胶和一系列复杂的气体和蒸气组成的混合物，不仅限于元素碳和有机碳。最后，Grimm 1.109 型号测量的柴油颗粒物浓度可以进行调整，以在地下采矿环境中提供足够准确的实时空气监测数据。
