Departamento de Medio Ambiente, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7.5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2012 Sep;26(6):888-96. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.04.019. Epub 2012 Apr 24.
Two cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO(2) NPs) and one micro-sized CeO(2) particle were thoroughly characterized in their pristine form, in water and in cell culture medium. The particles were tested for cytotoxicity to the H4IIE rat hepatoma cell line or the RTG-2 rainbow trout gonadal cell line by means of four standard cytotoxicity assays. Nominal concentrations were verified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and methods were assessed for their suitability to detect reliably adverse effects due to particle exposure. All three particles showed aggregation in water and media. In the H4IIE cell line, the MTT cytotoxicity test revealed that negative effects could be observed for the CeO(2) NPs after 24h and for all particles after 72h of exposure, making the effects size, concentration and time dependent. No negative effect for the concentrations tested was detected for the remaining three assays and the RTG-2 cell line, making the MTT assay and the H4IIE cell line an appropriate system to assess adverse effects of CeO(2) NPs. A verification of the nominal concentration through ICP-MS revealed that there was a discrepancy between nominal and measured concentration depending on concentration and particle tested. Interferences of particles with assays were found to be present and need to be taken into consideration.
两种氧化铈纳米颗粒（CeO2 NPs）和一种微尺度 CeO2颗粒在原始状态、水中和细胞培养基中进行了彻底的特性描述。通过四种标准细胞毒性测定法，测试了这些颗粒对 H4IIE 大鼠肝癌细胞系或 RTG-2 虹鳟性腺细胞系的细胞毒性。通过电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）验证了名义浓度，并评估了这些方法检测因颗粒暴露而产生的不利影响的可靠性。所有三种颗粒在水中和培养基中均发生聚集。在 H4IIE 细胞系中，MTT 细胞毒性试验表明，CeO2 NPs 在暴露 24 小时后，所有颗粒在暴露 72 小时后均会产生负效应，这使得效应大小、浓度和时间具有依赖性。对于其余三种测定法和 RTG-2 细胞系，未检测到所测试浓度的任何负效应，这使得 MTT 测定法和 H4IIE 细胞系成为评估 CeO2 NPs 不利影响的合适系统。通过 ICP-MS 对名义浓度进行验证表明，名义浓度和测量浓度之间存在差异，具体取决于浓度和测试的颗粒。发现颗粒与测定法之间存在干扰，需要加以考虑。
