Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, H.P, India.
Int Braz J Urol. 2012 Mar-Apr;38(2):204-13; discussion 213-4. doi: 10.1590/s1677-55382012000200008.
Kidney stone is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. Calcium oxalate (CaOx) has been shown to be the main component of the majority of stones formed in the urinary system of the patients with urolithiasis. The present study evaluates the antilithiatic properties of Terminalia chebula commonly called as ″harad ″ which is often used in ayurveda to treat various urinary diseases including kidney stones.
The antilithiatic activity of Terminalia chebula was investigated on nucleation and growth of the calcium oxalate crystals. The protective potency of the plant extract was also tested on oxalate induced cell injury of both NRK-52E and MDCK renal epithelial cells.
The percentage inhibition of CaOx nucleation was found 95.84 % at 25µg/mL of Terminalia chebula aqueous extract which remained almost constant with the increasing concentration of the plant extract; however, plant extract inhibited CaOx crystal growth in a dose dependent pattern. When MDCK and NRK-52E cells were injured by exposure to oxalate for 48 hours, the aqueous extract prevented the injury in a dose-dependent manner. On treatment with the different concentrations of the plant extract, the cell viability increased and lactate dehydrogenase release decreased in a concentration dependent manner.
Our study indicates that Terminalia chebula is a potential candidate for phytotherapy against urolithiasis as it not only has a potential to inhibit nucleation and the growth of the CaOx crystals but also has a cytoprotective role.
肾结石是全球最常见的疾病之一。草酸钙（CaOx）已被证明是大多数形成于尿石症患者泌尿系统结石的主要成分。本研究评估了诃子（Terminalia chebula）的抗结石特性，诃子通常在印度阿育吠陀中用于治疗各种包括肾结石在内的泌尿系统疾病。
研究了诃子对草酸钙晶体成核和生长的抗结石活性。还测试了植物提取物对草酸诱导的 NRK-52E 和 MDCK 肾上皮细胞损伤的保护作用。
诃子水提物在 25μg/mL 时对 CaOx 成核的抑制率为 95.84%，随着植物提取物浓度的增加，抑制率基本保持不变；然而，植物提取物以剂量依赖的方式抑制 CaOx 晶体生长。当 MDCK 和 NRK-52E 细胞暴露于草酸 48 小时后，水提物呈剂量依赖性方式防止了损伤。在用不同浓度的植物提取物处理后，细胞活力增加，乳酸脱氢酶释放减少，呈浓度依赖性。
我们的研究表明，诃子是植物疗法治疗尿石症的潜在候选药物，因为它不仅具有抑制 CaOx 晶体成核和生长的潜力，而且还具有细胞保护作用。
