Sujatha D, Singh Kiranpal, Vohra Mursalin, Kumar K Vijay, Sunitha S
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Andhrapradesh, India.
Int Braz J Urol. 2015 May-Jun;41(3):511-20. doi: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2014.0357.
Urolithiasis is a common urological disorder responsible for serious human affliction and cost to the society with a high recurrence rate. The aim of the present study was to systematically evaluate the phlorotannin rich extract of Sargassum wightii using suitable in vitro and in vivo models to provide scientific evidence for its antilithiatic activity.
To explore the effect of Sargassum wightii on calcium oxalate crystallization, in vitro assays like crystal nucleation, aggregation and crystal growth were performed. Calcium oxalate urolithiasis was induced in male Sprague dawley rats using a combination of gentamicin and calculi producing diet (5% ammonium oxalate and rat pellet feed). The biochemical parameters like calcium, oxalate, magnesium, phosphate, sodium and potassium were evaluated in urine, serum and kidney homogenates. Histopathological studies were also done to confirm the biochemical findings.
The yield of Sargassum wightii extract was found to be 74.5 gm/kg and confirmed by quantitative analysis. In vitro experiments with Sargassum wightii showed concentration dependent inhibition of calcium oxalate nucleation, aggregation and growth supported by SEM analysis. In the in vivo model, Sargassum wightii reduced both calcium and oxalate supersaturation in urine, serum and deposition in the kidney. The biochemical results were supported by histopathological studies.
The findings of the present study suggest that Sargassum wightii has the ability to prevent nucleation, aggregation and growth of calcium oxalate crystals. Sargassum wightii has better preventive effect on calcium oxalate stone formation indicating its strong potential to develop as a therapeutic option to prevent recurrence of urolithiasis.
尿石症是一种常见的泌尿系统疾病，会给人类带来严重痛苦并给社会造成经济负担，且复发率很高。本研究的目的是使用合适的体外和体内模型，系统评估富含间苯三酚单宁的半叶马尾藻提取物，为其抗结石活性提供科学依据。
为探究半叶马尾藻对草酸钙结晶的影响，进行了晶体成核、聚集和晶体生长等体外试验。使用庆大霉素和产结石饮食（5%草酸铵和大鼠颗粒饲料）联合诱导雄性Sprague dawley大鼠患草酸钙尿石症。评估了尿液、血清和肾脏匀浆中的钙、草酸、镁、磷酸盐、钠和钾等生化参数。还进行了组织病理学研究以证实生化结果。
半叶马尾藻提取物的产量为74.5克/千克，并通过定量分析得到证实。半叶马尾藻的体外实验表明，草酸钙成核、聚集和生长受到浓度依赖性抑制，扫描电子显微镜分析支持了这一结果。在体内模型中，半叶马尾藻降低了尿液、血清中的钙和草酸过饱和度以及肾脏中的沉积。组织病理学研究支持了生化结果。
本研究结果表明，半叶马尾藻具有预防草酸钙晶体成核、聚集和生长的能力。半叶马尾藻对草酸钙结石形成具有较好的预防作用，表明其作为预防尿石症复发的治疗选择具有很大潜力。
