Zou Heng, Müller Hermann J, Shi Zhuanghua
Allgemeine und Experimentelle Psychologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtät München, Munich, Germany.
J Vis. 2012 Jan 1;12(5):2. doi: 10.1167/12.5.2.
Spatially uninformative sounds can enhance visual search when the sounds are synchronized with color changes of the visual target, a phenomenon referred to as "pip-and-pop" effect (van der Burg, Olivers, Bronkhorst, & Theeuwes, 2008). The present study investigated the relationship of this effect to changes in oculomotor scanning behavior induced by the sounds. The results revealed sound events to increase fixation durations upon their occurrence and to decrease the mean number of saccades. More specifically, spatially uninformative sounds facilitated the orientation of ocular scanning away from already scanned display regions not containing a target (Experiment 1) and enhanced search performance even on target-absent trials (Experiment 2). Facilitation was also observed when the sounds were presented 100 ms prior to the target or at random (Experiment 3). These findings suggest that non-spatial sounds cause a general freezing effect on oculomotor scanning behavior, an effect which in turn benefits visual search performance by temporally and spatially extended information sampling.
当空间上无信息的声音与视觉目标的颜色变化同步时，它们可以增强视觉搜索，这种现象被称为“哔哔-噗噗”效应（范德·伯格、奥利弗斯、布朗克霍斯特和特乌韦斯，2008年）。本研究调查了这种效应与声音引起的眼动扫描行为变化之间的关系。结果显示，声音事件发生时会增加注视持续时间，并减少扫视的平均次数。更具体地说，空间上无信息的声音有助于将眼动扫描的方向从已经扫描过的、不包含目标的显示区域移开（实验1），并且即使在无目标试验中也能提高搜索性能（实验2）。当声音在目标出现前100毫秒呈现或随机呈现时，也观察到了促进作用（实验3）。这些发现表明，非空间声音会对眼动扫描行为产生一种普遍的冻结效应，这种效应反过来通过在时间和空间上扩展信息采样而有利于视觉搜索性能。
