智利V地区高中生体型的变化：1985 - 2010年 - Suppr

Lizana Arce P, Almagiâ Flores A, Simpson Lelievre C, Ivanovic Marincovic D, Binvignat Gutiérrez O, Berral de la Rosa F

Laboratorio de Antropología Física y Anatomía Humana, Laboratorio de Técnicas Anatómicas, Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.

Nutr Hosp. 2012 Jan-Feb;27(1):270-5. doi: 10.1590/S0212-16112012000100036.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the trend of high school students from Valparaíso Chile by means of an anthropometrical somatotype.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

two samples of students during the years 1984-1985 (86 men and 71 women) and 2009-2010 (77 men and 86 women) between 15 and 18 years of age have been studied. Somatotype was estimated by the Heath-Carter anthropometric method.

RESULTS

significant differences were found in all the variables of the somatotype during the periods studied (p < 0.01), except for height (p = 0.176) and humeral breadth in women (p = 0.067). Important distinctions were also found in the endomorphic, mesomorphic and ectomorphic components (p < 0.01). Men measurements registered remarkable differences in all the variables (p < 0.01), with the exception of weight (p = 0.156), calf breadth (p = 0.906) and arm breadth in contraction (p = 0.284). Measurement results of endomorphic (p < 0.01), ectomorphic (p < 0.01) and mesomorfic components (p < 0.05) revealed considerable differences. During the period 1984-1985, men classified as balanced mesomorph 2.7-4.8-3.1 which switched to mesomorph-endomorph 3.8-4.3-2.5 in the period 2009-2010. And the population of women in the 1984-1985 period is classified as mesomorph-endomorph 4.2-4.7-2.1 and changes to a mesomorphic-endomorph biotype 6.6-4.1-1.3 in the 2009-2010.

CONCLUSIONS

the somatotype of the adolescent population, especially women in Valparaiso, Chile has changed to a predominant endomorphic biotype, and its mesomorphic component has decreased. A high relative adiposity contributes to increase the probability for these people to suffer non-transmissible chronic diseases and cardiovascular issues.

目的

通过人体测量体型法确定智利瓦尔帕莱索高中生的体型变化趋势。

材料与方法

对1984 - 1985年（86名男性和71名女性）以及2009 - 2010年（77名男性和86名女性）15至18岁的两个学生样本进行了研究。体型通过希思 - 卡特人体测量法估算。

结果

在所研究的时间段内，除身高（p = 0.176）和女性肱骨宽度（p = 0.067）外，体型的所有变量均存在显著差异（p < 0.01）。在内胚层、中胚层和外胚层成分方面也发现了重要差异（p < 0.01）。男性的测量结果在所有变量中均有显著差异（p < 0.01），体重（p = 0.156）、小腿宽度（p = 0.906）和收缩时的手臂宽度（p = 0.284）除外。内胚层（p < 0.01）、外胚层（p < 0.01）和中胚层成分（p < 0.05）的测量结果显示出相当大的差异。在1984 - 1985年期间，男性被归类为均衡中胚层体型2.7 - 4.8 - 3.1，在2009 - 2010年期间转变为中胚层 - 内胚层体型3.8 - 4.3 - 2.5。1984 - 1985年期间的女性群体被归类为中胚层 - 内胚层体型4.2 - 4.7 - 2.1，在2009 - 2010年转变为中胚层 - 内胚层双体型6.6 - 4.1 - 1.3。