Abdelkafi Koubaa Afifa, Younes Kawthar, Gabsi Zvinemira, Bouslah Amel, Maalel Issam, Maatouk El May Wahiba, Dahmen Hayet, Bel Abed Najet, Bchir Nedra, Gabsi Abdallah, Tekaya Mohamed Salah, Jebara Hassen
Groupement des Soins de Santé de Base de Monastir.
Tunis Med. 2012 May;90(5):387-93.
The increase of the prevalence of children obesity in some countries as Tunisia, necessitate to welling known risk factors for obesity, to prevent and early management.
To determine the prevalence of overweight and of obesity in a group of 4-6 year-old school children in Monastir and to investigate the association with possible risk factors.
A descriptive transversal study including 121 children aged 4-6 years old (637 males, 698 females), was conducted in 10 Kindergartens in Monastir, in 2011. Personal data such as age, sex, birth weight, breastfeeding history and parental data including parental weights and heights, parental education level and occupation were collected by questionnaires completed by parents. Height and weight were measured with a weighing-scale and body mass index (BMI; kg/m²) was calculated. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was defined based according to the curves of the french reference of Rolland Cachera.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 9.1% and 11.6% respectively. Parental factors associated with overweight were: parental obesity: 44% vs 17% (p=0.005) (OR = 3.65: 1.27-10.57), artificial feeding: 68% vs 33% (p=0.0016) (OR= 4.25: 1.51-12.27), and the early diversification of food before the age of 6 months: 88% vs 65% (p=0.029) (OR= 3.84: 0.98 - 17.66). Exclusive breast feeding duration ≥ 6mois is probably protector factor against obesity: 0% vs 21% (p=0. 01) (OR=0: 0.00 < OR < 0.78). We found no significant difference between overweight and non-overweight schoolchildren in frequency of high degree educated mother and father, birth weight, breakfast intake, eating habits and exercise. However overweight children intake high-caloric food, low in fiber, with troubles of nutritional comportment, and a sedentary lifestyle.
Risk factors for obesity, well known in most industrialized countries, necessitate to be more understood in Tunisia, to place a preventive strategy included supervision of children weight, nutritional education and promote physical activity and reducing the time spent watching television.
在突尼斯等一些国家，儿童肥胖患病率不断上升，这就需要了解肥胖的风险因素，以便进行预防和早期管理。
确定莫纳斯提尔一群4至6岁学童中超重和肥胖的患病率，并调查其与可能的风险因素之间的关联。
2011年在莫纳斯提尔的10所幼儿园对121名4至6岁儿童（63名男性，69名女性）进行了一项描述性横断面研究。通过家长填写的问卷收集个人数据，如年龄、性别、出生体重、母乳喂养史以及父母数据，包括父母的体重和身高、父母的教育水平和职业。使用体重秤测量身高和体重，并计算体重指数（BMI；kg/m²）。超重和肥胖的患病率根据罗兰·卡谢拉法国参考曲线来定义。
超重和肥胖的患病率分别为9.1%和11.6%。与超重相关的父母因素有：父母肥胖：44%对17%（p=0.005）（比值比=3.65：1.27 - 10.57），人工喂养：68%对33%（p=0.0016）（比值比=4.25：1.51 - 12.27），以及6个月前食物过早多样化：88%对65%（p=0.029）（比值比=3.84：0.98 - 17.66）。纯母乳喂养持续时间≥6个月可能是预防肥胖的因素：0%对21%（p=0.01）（比值比=0：0.00 <比值比< 0.78）。我们发现，在高学历母亲和父亲的频率、出生体重、早餐摄入量、饮食习惯和运动方面，超重和非超重学童之间没有显著差异。然而，超重儿童摄入高热量、低纤维食物，存在营养行为问题，且生活方式久坐不动。
大多数工业化国家熟知的肥胖风险因素，在突尼斯需要得到更多了解，以便制定包括监测儿童体重、营养教育、促进体育活动以及减少看电视时间的预防策略。
