Rich Karen, Seffrin Patrick
Department of Social Work and Administrative Studies, Marywood University, USA.
Violence Vict. 2012;27(2):263-79. doi: 10.1891/0886-6708.27.2.263.
Sexual assault is underreported in the United States. Survivors are often reluctant to make police reports for various reasons; one is fear of revictimization by criminal justice professionals. Conversely, police officers often lack skills for interviewing crime victims. Posttraumatic stress reactions among victims can exacerbate the problem. Although some victims prefer female interviewers, it is not known whether they are more skilled. A sample of 429 police officers completed a written survey testing their rape myth acceptance and knowledge of how to interview rape reporters. A significant relationship between rape myth acceptance and interviewing skill was discovered. Although officer gender was related to interviewing skill, the effect was mediated by rape myth acceptance. Specific officer behaviors related to high rape myth acceptance were identified. Implications for selection of police to conduct victim interviews were discussed.
在美国,性侵犯的报案率很低。幸存者往往因各种原因不愿向警方报案;其中一个原因是害怕刑事司法人员再次对其造成伤害。相反,警察通常缺乏询问犯罪受害者的技巧。受害者的创伤后应激反应会使问题更加严重。虽然一些受害者更喜欢女性询问者,但不清楚女性询问者是否更有技巧。429名警察参与了一项书面调查,测试他们对强奸谬见的接受程度以及询问强奸案报案者的相关知识。研究发现,对强奸谬见的接受程度与询问技巧之间存在显著关系。虽然警察的性别与询问技巧有关,但这种影响是由对强奸谬见的接受程度介导的。研究还确定了与高强奸谬见接受程度相关的警察具体行为。文中讨论了挑选警察进行受害者询问的相关影响。