Gertner J M
Department of Pediatrics, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 1990 Dec;37(6):1441-65. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)37019-5.
Calcium and phosphorus are, respectively, the fifth and sixth most abundant elements in the body; both play vital roles in a multitude of physiologic systems. Because the great bulk of these elements is found in the skeleton, a large part of the discussion of calcium and phosphorus metabolism focuses on skeletal disorders, the impact of which falls heavily on young children. This article reviews the physiology of calcium and phosphorus, the skeletal and systemic consequences of disorders of vitamin D nutrition and metabolism, and the metabolic bone disease of prematurity.
钙和磷分别是人体中含量第五和第六丰富的元素；二者在众多生理系统中都发挥着至关重要的作用。由于这些元素大部分存在于骨骼中，因此关于钙和磷代谢的讨论很大一部分都集中在骨骼疾病上，而这些疾病对幼儿的影响尤为严重。本文综述了钙和磷的生理学、维生素D营养与代谢紊乱的骨骼和全身后果，以及早产的代谢性骨病。
