Environmental Biology Section, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, Berks, UK.
Pest Manag Sci. 2012 Sep;68(9):1265-71. doi: 10.1002/ps.3293. Epub 2012 May 17.
Bruchid beetles, Callosobruchus species, are serious pests of economically important grain legumes; their activity in stores is often controlled by the use of synthetic insecticides. Esterases are known to be involved in insecticide resistance in insects. However, there is a dearth of information on esterase activity in the genus Callosobruchus. In this study, the effect of species, geographical strain and food type on the variation in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and its inhibition by malaoxon (malathion metabolite) was investigated using an in vitro spectrophotometric method.
AChE activity varied significantly among species and strains and also among legume type used for rearing them. Generally, irrespective of species, strain or food type, the higher the AChE activity of a population, the higher is its inhibition by malaoxon. C. chinensis had the highest AChE activity of the species studied, and in the presence of malaoxon it had the lowest remaining AChE activity, while C. rhodesianus retained the highest activity.
A first-hand knowledge of AChE activity in regional Callosobruchus in line with the prevailing food types should be of utmost importance to grain legume breeders, researchers on plant materials for bruchid control and pesticide manufacturer/applicators for a robust integrated management of these bruchids.
绿豆象、绿豆象种是重要的经济豆类作物的严重害虫；在仓库中，它们的活动通常通过使用合成杀虫剂来控制。酯酶被认为与昆虫对杀虫剂的抗性有关。然而，关于绿豆象属的酯酶活性的信息却很少。在这项研究中，使用体外分光光度法研究了物种、地理种群和食物类型对乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）活性的变化及其对马拉氧磷（马拉硫磷代谢物）抑制的影响。
AChE 活性在物种和种群之间以及在用于饲养它们的豆类类型之间存在显著差异。一般来说，无论物种、种群或食物类型如何，种群的 AChE 活性越高，马拉氧磷的抑制作用就越高。研究中，中华豆象的 AChE 活性最高，在马拉氧磷存在的情况下，其剩余的 AChE 活性最低，而罗氏豆象则保持着最高的活性。
对于粮食作物种植者、植物材料控制研究人员和农药制造商/施药者来说，了解与流行食物类型相适应的区域绿豆象的 AChE 活性的第一手知识对于这些绿豆象的强有力的综合管理应该是至关重要的。
