Frankenberg S R
Department of Anthropology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37996.
Hum Biol. 1990 Dec;62(6):817-35.
Potential mates analysis is difficult to apply to small historic populations that lack clear boundaries or regular vital event registration. Here I analyze the actual mate pool as an alternative way to identify causes of nonrandom mating when unmarried members are unknown. Factors influencing mate choice within a historic eastern Blue Ridge community in Madison County, Virginia, are examined for four marriage cohorts: 1850-1879, 1880-1899, 1900-1919, and 1920-1939. These factors include nuclear kin avoidance, preferred age differences between mates, and preferences for more distant kin. A simulation is used to recombine members of the cohort-specific pools of married individuals to generate the probabilities of various types of kin marriages. The pedigree and vital statistics data are derived from first-time marriage licenses filled by community members in Madison County from 1794 to 1939. The numbers of marriages examined for each cohort are 88, 120, 132, and 132, respectively; the mate pools constructed from the samples are viewed from the female perspective. The results generated by simulation on the actual mate pools consist of mean kinship coefficients, numbers of marriages between "allowed" kin types, and probabilities of these values when marriage is random with respect to kinship. The results indicate significantly high levels of inbreeding in all four marriage cohorts, primarily because of high levels of first-cousin marriages in the first three cohorts and of first-cousin once-removed marriages in the 1920 cohort. The observed mating patterns are discussed in terms of the social history of the Blue Ridge community and restrictions of the data.
潜在配偶分析很难应用于缺乏明确边界或没有定期人口动态事件登记的小型历史人口群体。在这里，我分析实际的配偶库，作为在未婚成员情况不明时识别非随机交配原因的一种替代方法。针对弗吉尼亚州麦迪逊县一个历史悠久的东蓝岭社区内的四个婚姻队列（1850 - 1879年、1880 - 1899年、1900 - 1919年和1920 - 1939年），研究了影响配偶选择的因素。这些因素包括避免与核心亲属结婚、配偶间偏好的年龄差以及对更远亲属的偏好。通过模拟将特定队列已婚个体库中的成员重新组合，以生成各种亲属婚姻类型的概率。谱系和人口动态统计数据来自1794年至1939年麦迪逊县社区成员填写的首次结婚许可证。每个队列所研究的婚姻数量分别为88、120、132和132；从女性视角看待从样本构建的配偶库。对实际配偶库进行模拟得出的结果包括平均亲属系数、“允许”亲属类型之间的婚姻数量以及当婚姻在亲属关系方面为随机时这些值的概率。结果表明，所有四个婚姻队列中的近亲繁殖水平都显著较高，主要原因是前三个队列中表亲婚姻的比例较高，以及1920年队列中隔代表亲婚姻的比例较高。根据蓝岭社区的社会历史和数据限制对观察到的交配模式进行了讨论。
