Nuclear Medicine, Radiology Department, University of Michigan Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Clin Radiol. 2012 Nov;67(11):1035-50. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2012.03.019. Epub 2012 May 23.
Neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) are rare, heterogeneous, and often hormonally active neoplasms. Nuclear medicine (NM) imaging using single photon- and positron-emitting radiopharmaceuticals allows sensitive and highly specific molecular imaging of NETs, complementary to anatomy-based techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Somatostatin-receptor scintigraphy is a whole-body imaging technique widely used for diagnosis, staging and restaging of NETs. The increasing availability of hybrid single-photon emission CT (SPECT)/CT cameras now offers superior accuracy for localization and functional characterization of NETs compared to traditional planar and SPECT imaging. The potential role of positron-emission tomography (PET) tracers in the functional imaging of NETs is also being increasingly recognized. In addition to 2-[(18)F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG), newer positron-emitting radiopharmaceuticals such as (18)F-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and (68)Ga-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) peptides, show promise for the future. This article will summarize the role of current and emerging radiopharmaceuticals in NM imaging of this rare but important group of tumours.
神经内分泌肿瘤（NETs）是罕见的、异质性的，且常常具有激素活性的肿瘤。核医学（NM）使用单光子和正电子放射性药物的成像技术，能够对 NETs 进行敏感且高度特异性的分子成像，与基于解剖结构的技术（如计算机断层扫描（CT）和磁共振成像（MRI））互补。生长抑素受体闪烁显像术是一种全身成像技术，广泛用于 NETs 的诊断、分期和再分期。越来越多的混合单光子发射 CT（SPECT）/CT 相机的出现，为 NETs 的定位和功能特征提供了比传统平面和 SPECT 成像更优越的准确性。正电子发射断层扫描（PET）示踪剂在 NETs 功能成像中的潜在作用也越来越受到认可。除了 2-[[18]F]-氟-2-脱氧-d-葡萄糖（FDG）外，新型正电子发射放射性药物，如（18）F-二羟基苯丙氨酸（DOPA）和（68）Ga-1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷-1,4,7,10-四乙酸（DOTA）肽，也显示出了未来的应用前景。本文将总结当前和新兴放射性药物在这些罕见但重要的肿瘤的 NM 成像中的作用。
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