Sloan J, Slane S
Psychol Rep. 1990 Oct;67(2):515-22. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1990.67.2.515.
McCroskey (1982) has hypothesized that there are various forms of apprehension about communication some of which are situation specific and some of which are best thought of as traits. Other research has established a relationship between personality variables and a trait conception of apprehension about communication. If McCroskey's distinction between trait and situation-based state is appropriate, personality variables ordinarily associated with trait apprehension about communication should not correlate as highly with forms defined as more situation specific, such as anxiety about public speaking. Multiple regressions were performed using trait measures of apprehension about communication (the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension) and situation-based anxiety (the public speaking factor of the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension) as dependent variables. As hypothesized, contributions of personality were less for trait than situation-specific apprehension about communication. The inclusion of self-monitoring as a moderator variable added additional information about the contributions of personality to situation-specific apprehension about communication, with personality being more predictive of apprehension about public speaking for low self-monitors.
麦克罗斯基（1982年）曾提出假设，认为存在各种形式的沟通忧虑，其中一些是特定情境下的，而另一些则最好被视为特质。其他研究已经确立了人格变量与沟通忧虑特质概念之间的关系。如果麦克罗斯基对特质和基于情境的状态的区分是恰当的，那么通常与沟通特质忧虑相关的人格变量，与被定义为更具情境特异性的形式（如对公开演讲的焦虑）的相关性不应那么高。使用沟通忧虑的特质测量指标（沟通忧虑个人报告）和基于情境的焦虑（沟通忧虑个人报告中的公开演讲因子）作为因变量进行了多元回归分析。正如所假设的那样，人格对特质沟通忧虑的贡献比对情境特异性沟通忧虑的贡献要小。将自我监控作为调节变量纳入分析，增加了关于人格对情境特异性沟通忧虑贡献的额外信息，对于低自我监控者而言，人格对公开演讲忧虑的预测性更强。
