Johnson Jacqueline E, Turkstra Lyn S
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Brain Inj. 2012;26(9):1118-26. doi: 10.3109/02699052.2012.666370. Epub 2012 May 29.
To examine elaborative and automatic linguistic inferences in conversations between adults with and without traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their frequent communication partners.
Participants with TBI were four female and three male adults and seven female communication partners. Comparison peers were two males and five females and one male and six female communication partners. Each participant completed 20-minute video-recorded conversation with his or her frequent communication partner. Conversations were transcribed, implicatures were identified and the percentage of correct inferences was determined. Inferences were categorized as automatic or elaborative and as missed or understood.
Participants in both groups made significantly more errors on elaborative inferences than automatic inferences and participants with TBI made significantly more elaborative inference errors than comparison peers. There was no significant between-groups difference in error rates for automatic inferences.
Individuals with TBI may show impairments in social language skills not only on standardized tests but also in everyday conversations. This may contribute to everyday partners' perceptions of social communication problems in adults with TBI.
研究有创伤性脑损伤（TBI）的成年人与无创伤性脑损伤的成年人及其频繁交流伙伴在对话中的详尽性和自动性语言推理。
患有创伤性脑损伤的参与者为4名成年女性、3名成年男性以及7名女性交流伙伴。对照组参与者为2名男性、5名女性以及1名男性和6名女性交流伙伴。每位参与者与其频繁交流伙伴进行了20分钟的视频对话。对话被转录，隐含意义被识别，并确定正确推理的百分比。推理被分类为自动性或详尽性，以及未理解或理解。
两组参与者在详尽性推理上犯的错误均显著多于自动性推理，且患有创伤性脑损伤的参与者在详尽性推理上犯的错误显著多于对照组参与者。自动性推理的错误率在两组之间没有显著差异。
患有创伤性脑损伤的个体不仅在标准化测试中，而且在日常对话中可能都表现出社交语言技能受损。这可能导致日常交流伙伴认为患有创伤性脑损伤的成年人存在社交沟通问题。
