Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Int J Radiat Biol. 2012 Aug;88(8):583-91. doi: 10.3109/09553002.2012.698366. Epub 2012 Jul 2.
The nature of the transferrable factor which goes from irradiated objects to bystander objects remains undefined. Most agree that a chemical entity is the likely 'factor' although some authors have produced in vitro evidence for the involvement of a physical component or a very potent volatile capable of traveling through air distances. In this paper we test the hypothesis that the communicated signal may be physical at least in part.
The in vivo fish model was used to allow signal production and response to occur in organisms in vivo without any shared blood or central nervous system (CNS) connections. A reporter assay and calcium flux measurements were used to detect signal production when irradiated fish were separated from unirradiated fish by (a) a plastic container, and (b) a foil-wrapped plastic container.
The unirradiated fish showed bystander effects in both cases. The use of foil excludes the possibility of a light signal and although a highly active volatile could travel from one tank to another, the arrangement of sham and irradiated tanks makes it highly unlikely that this could explain our result.
We conclude that there must be a physical component in the mechanism such as a weak acoustic or electromagnetic signal.
从辐照物体到旁观者物体转移的可传递因子的性质仍未定义。大多数人认为化学实体是可能的“因子”,尽管一些作者已经在体外证据表明涉及物理成分或非常有效的挥发性成分,能够通过空气距离传播。在本文中,我们检验了这样一种假设,即所传递的信号至少部分是物理的。
使用体内鱼类模型,允许信号在没有任何共享血液或中枢神经系统 (CNS) 连接的情况下在体内的生物体中产生和响应。当辐照鱼与未辐照鱼通过(a)塑料容器和(b)箔包裹的塑料容器分开时,使用报告基因测定和钙通量测量来检测信号的产生。
在这两种情况下,未辐照的鱼都表现出旁观者效应。箔的使用排除了光信号的可能性,尽管高活性的挥发性物质可以从一个水箱传播到另一个水箱,但假水箱和辐照水箱的布置使得这种情况极不可能解释我们的结果。
我们得出结论,在机制中必须存在物理成分,例如弱声或电磁信号。