Department of Chemistry, Institute for Sustainable Energy, Environment and Economy, and Centre for Advanced Solar Materials, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Canada T2N 1N4.
Dalton Trans. 2012 Jul 14;41(26):7814-29. doi: 10.1039/c2dt30825h. Epub 2012 May 29.
A divergence from the conventional approach to chromophore design has led to the establishment of many exciting new benchmarks for the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), including the first documented power conversion efficiency in excess of 12% at 1 sun illumination [Yella et al., Science 2011, 334, 629]. Paramount to these advances is the deviation from polypyridyl ruthenium dyes bearing NCS(-) ligands, such as [Ru(dcbpy)(2)(NCS)(2)] (N3; dcbpy = 4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine). While metal-free and porphyrin dyes have demonstrated much promise, the discovery that the NCS(-) ligands of N3 can be replaced by anionic, chelating cyclometalating ligands without compromising device efficiencies has ushered in a new era of ruthenium dye development. A particularly appealing feature of this class of dyestuff is that they offer acute control of the frontier molecular orbitals to enable the precise attenuation of both the ground and excited state redox potentials through judicious chemical modification of the aryl ring. This Perspective summarizes very recent developments in the field, and demonstrates how the new and rapidly expanding class of Ru-based sensitizers provides a conduit for enhancing the performance (and potentially the stability) of the DSSC.
一种与传统发色团设计方法的偏离，为染料敏化太阳能电池 (DSSC) 确立了许多令人兴奋的新基准，包括在 1 个太阳光照下超过 12%的首次记录的功率转换效率 [Yella 等人，Science 2011, 334, 629]。这些进展的关键是偏离了带有 NCS(-)配体的聚吡啶钌染料，如 [Ru(dcbpy)(2)(NCS)(2)] (N3；dcbpy = 4,4'-二羧酸-2,2'-联吡啶)。虽然金属自由和卟啉染料表现出很大的潜力，但 N3 的 NCS(-)配体可以被阴离子、螯合的环金属化配体取代，而不影响器件效率，这开创了钌染料发展的新时代。这类染料的一个特别吸引人的特点是，它们可以精确地控制前沿分子轨道，通过对芳环进行明智的化学修饰，精确地衰减基态和激发态氧化还原电位。本综述总结了该领域的最新进展，并展示了新型和快速扩展的基于 Ru 的敏化剂如何为提高 DSSC 的性能（和潜在的稳定性）提供了一种途径。
