Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2012 Jul;18 Suppl 4:50-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2012.03866.x.
Obesity is associated with type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance and low grade inflammation. The gut microbiota is now considered as one of the most important environmental factors impacting on host physiology and metabolism. We have recently pointed out the role of this 'organ' on the onset of insulin resistance and the low grade inflammatory tone characterizing obesity. Among the mechanisms, we have introduced the novel concept of metabolic endotoxaemia as factor triggering low grade inflammation and associated disorders. More recently, two novel mechanisms involved in the development of gut permeability and adipose tissue plasticity have been identified. Specific attention has been paid to the role of the glucagon-like peptide 2 and the endocannabinoid system. This review briefly discusses the role of prebiotics as a key tool to modulate the gut microbiota, the gut barrier function, inflammation and the insulin resistance associated with obesity.
肥胖与 2 型糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗和低度炎症有关。肠道微生物群现在被认为是影响宿主生理和代谢的最重要的环境因素之一。我们最近指出了这个“器官”在胰岛素抵抗的发生和肥胖特征性的低度炎症状态中的作用。在这些机制中，我们引入了代谢性内毒素血症作为触发低度炎症和相关疾病的因素的新概念。最近，还确定了涉及肠道通透性和脂肪组织可塑性发展的两个新机制。特别关注了胰高血糖素样肽 2 和内源性大麻素系统的作用。这篇综述简要讨论了益生菌作为调节肠道微生物群、肠道屏障功能、炎症和肥胖相关胰岛素抵抗的关键工具的作用。
