眼科移植学：眼部后节--第二部分。
Ophthalmic transplantology: posterior segment of the eye--part II.
机构信息
Domestic and Specialized Medicine Centre Dilmed, Katowice, Poland.
出版信息
Med Sci Monit. 2012 Jun;18(6):RA97-103. doi: 10.12659/msm.882868.
BACKGROUND
Transplants of the retina are among the new strategies being used in the treatment of genetic and degenerative macular diseases. Moreover, various cell cultures are being tested to treat retinal disorders.
MATERIAL/METHODS: Literature dated from 2004 to 2011 was comprehensively examined via Medline and PubMed searches for the following terms: auto-, homo-, heterologous transplantation, retina, stem cells, cultivated cells.
RESULTS
Tissue and cell therapy of retinal diseases are reviewed, including full-thickness retina/retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid graft; full and partial thickness RPE/choroid complex grafts; RPE/Bruch membrane complex graft; and RPE, iris pigment epithelium and stem cell grafts. Recommendations for transplants, as well as the benefits and weaknesses of specific techniques in retina transplants, are discussed.
CONCLUSIONS
Auto- and allogenic transplants of a full or partial thickness retina/RPE/ Bruch membrane/choroid complex represent an alternative treatment offered to patients with some macular diseases. Stem cell transplantation to reconstruct and regenerate the macula requires further biomolecular and animal research studies.
背景
视网膜移植是治疗遗传性和退行性黄斑疾病的新策略之一。此外，正在测试各种细胞培养物来治疗视网膜疾病。
材料/方法：通过 Medline 和 PubMed 搜索以下术语，全面检查了 2004 年至 2011 年的文献：自身、同种、异源移植、视网膜、干细胞、培养细胞。
结果
综述了视网膜疾病的组织和细胞治疗，包括全厚视网膜/视网膜色素上皮（RPE）/脉络膜移植物；全厚和部分厚度 RPE/脉络膜复合物移植物；RPE/布鲁赫膜复合物移植物；RPE、虹膜色素上皮和干细胞移植物。讨论了移植的建议，以及特定视网膜移植技术的优缺点。
结论
全厚或部分厚度视网膜/RPE/布鲁赫膜/脉络膜复合物的自体和同种异体移植为某些黄斑疾病患者提供了替代治疗。干细胞移植以重建和再生黄斑需要进一步的生物分子和动物研究。
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