Centre de NeuroImagerie de Recherche-CENIR, Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere, Paris, France.
Mov Disord. 2012 Jun;27(7):822-30. doi: 10.1002/mds.25015. Epub 2012 May 30.
Until recently, conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was most often negative in Parkinson's disease or showed nonspecific findings. Recent developments in structural MRI, including relaxometry, magnetization transfer, and neuromelanin imaging, have demonstrated improved contrast and enabled more accurate visualization of deep brain nuclei, in particular, the substantia nigra. Meanwhile, diffusion imaging has provided useful biomarkers of substantia nigra degeneration, showing reduced anisotropy and anatomical connectivity with the striatum and thalamus. These advances in structural imaging are complemented by findings of magnetic resonance spectroscopy on brain metabolism and resting-state functional MRI on functional connectivity. This article presents an overview of these new structural, metabolic, and resting-state functional MRI techniques and their implications for Parkinson's disease. The techniques are reviewed in the context of their potential for better understanding the disease in terms of diagnosis and pathophysiology and as biomarkers of its progression.
直到最近，传统的磁共振成像（MRI）在帕金森病中通常为阴性，或显示非特异性发现。最近在结构 MRI 方面的发展，包括弛豫测量、磁化传递和神经黑色素成像，已经证明了对比度的提高，并能够更准确地观察深部脑核，特别是黑质。同时，扩散成像为黑质变性提供了有用的生物标志物，显示出与纹状体和丘脑的各向异性降低和解剖连接性降低。这些结构成像方面的进展得到了脑代谢磁共振波谱和静息状态功能磁共振功能连接性的补充。本文介绍了这些新的结构、代谢和静息状态功能 MRI 技术及其在帕金森病中的应用。这些技术在其用于更好地理解疾病的诊断和病理生理学以及作为疾病进展的生物标志物方面的潜力方面进行了回顾。
