Christensen Berit Hvass, Thulstrup Ane Marie, Hougaard Karin Sørig, Skadhauge Lars R, Hansen Kirsten Skamstrup, Schlünssen Vivi
Section of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus,
Clin Respir J. 2013 Apr;7(2):183-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-699X.2012.00300.x.
The prevalence of allergic diseases including hay fever has increased in the last decades, especially in Westernised countries. The aim of this study was to analyse whether occupational exposure during pregnancy is associated with development of hay fever in 7-year-old Danish children.
A total of 42,696 women and their children from the Danish National Birth Cohort were categorised according to maternal occupational exposure. Exposure information was obtained by combining job title in pregnancy with a commonly used asthma Job Exposure Matrix. Information on hay fever in the child was obtained by an internet questionnaire at follow-up at 7 years of age.
Adjusted logistic regression analyses showed no significant association between maternal occupational exposure during pregnancy and hay fever among the 7-year-old children. Stratifying for atopic status in the children did not change the results. The prevalence of hay fever was 10.0% in the atopic children compared with 3.6% in the non-atopic children. Maternal atopic disposition increased the risk of hay fever in the offspring, odds ratio (OR) 2.49 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.26; 2.74]. Rural residence during pregnancy decreased the risk for hay fever [OR 0.74 (95% CI 0.59; 0.92)] as did parity, OR 0.72 (95% CI 0.66; 0.80) and 0.70 (95% CI 0.48; 1.00) for 2nd and 3rd child, respectively, compared with the firstborn child.
The results suggest that occupational exposure among pregnant women in Denmark is not a risk factor for hay fever among young children.
在过去几十年中，包括花粉热在内的过敏性疾病患病率有所上升，尤其是在西方国家。本研究的目的是分析孕期职业暴露是否与7岁丹麦儿童花粉热的发生有关。
丹麦国家出生队列中的42696名妇女及其子女根据母亲的职业暴露情况进行分类。通过将孕期的工作头衔与常用的哮喘职业暴露矩阵相结合来获取暴露信息。在儿童7岁随访时通过网络问卷获取有关儿童花粉热的信息。
校正后的逻辑回归分析显示，孕期母亲的职业暴露与7岁儿童的花粉热之间无显著关联。按儿童的特应性状态分层并未改变结果。特应性儿童的花粉热患病率为10.0%，而非特应性儿童为3.6%。母亲的特应性倾向增加了后代患花粉热的风险，优势比（OR）为2.49[95%置信区间（CI）2.26；2.74]。孕期居住在农村降低了患花粉热的风险[OR 0.74（95%CI 0.59；0.92）]，与头胎相比，第二胎和第三胎的产次也降低了风险，OR分别为0.72（95%CI 0.66；0.80）和0.70（95%CI 0.48；1.00）。
结果表明，丹麦孕妇的职业暴露不是幼儿患花粉热的危险因素。
