胆碱的膳食需求的营养遗传学和营养基因组学。
The nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics of the dietary requirement for choline.
机构信息
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Nutrition Research Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA.
出版信息
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2012;108:159-77. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-398397-8.00007-1.
Abstract
Advances in nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics have been instrumental in demonstrating that nutrient requirements vary among individuals. This is exemplified by studies of the nutrient choline, in which gender, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, estrogen status, and gut microbiome composition have been shown to influence its optimal intake level. Choline is an essential nutrient with a wide range of biological functions, and current studies are aimed at refining our understanding of its requirements and, importantly, on defining the molecular mechanisms that mediate its effects in instances of suboptimal dietary intake. This chapter introduces the reader to challenges in developing individual nutrition recommendations, the biological function of choline, current and future research paradigms to fully understand the consequences of inadequate choline nutrition, and some forward thinking about the potential for individualized nutrition recommendations to become a tangible application for improved health.
摘要
营养遗传学和营养基因组学的进展有助于证明个体之间的营养需求存在差异。胆碱的研究就是一个很好的例子，其中性别、单核苷酸多态性、雌激素状态和肠道微生物组组成已被证明会影响其最佳摄入量。胆碱是一种具有广泛生物学功能的必需营养素，目前的研究旨在深入了解其需求，重要的是，确定在膳食摄入不足时介导其作用的分子机制。本章向读者介绍了制定个性化营养建议的挑战、胆碱的生物学功能、充分了解胆碱营养不足后果的当前和未来研究范例，以及关于个性化营养建议成为改善健康的切实可行应用的一些前瞻性思考。
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