Sobel M, Levy M E, Bohne W H
Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York 10021.
Foot Ankle. 1990 Oct;11(2):81-9. doi: 10.1177/107110079001100204.
There has been little research concerning this muscle since the 1920s, when Hecker described this muscle to be present in (13%) of his dissections of cadaver legs. The purpose of our dissections was to establish the incidence of the peroneus quartus muscle, its origins, and insertions. One hundred and twenty-four legs from 65 fresh human cadavers were dissected under loupe magnification. When the peroneus quartus tendon was found, its origin, insertion, and anatomic relationship to the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis were observed. All specimens were sketched and photographed. The peroneus quartus muscle was present in 27 legs (21.7% of specimens). Its origins, insertions, and size varied. In 17 legs (63%) the muscle originated from the muscular portion of the peroneus brevis, and inserted on the peroneal tubercle of the calcaneus. The peroneal tubercle was hypertrophied at the insertion in most cases. The results of this study in general show that there was much higher incidence of the peroneus quartus muscle than Hecker claimed. Its course, origin, and insertion varied. Its tendon can be used for reconstructive procedures about the lateral aspect of the ankle, especially in anterior dislocation of the peroneal tendons and reconstruction of lateral ligaments.
自20世纪20年代以来，关于这块肌肉的研究甚少，当时赫克在其对尸体腿部的解剖中发现这块肌肉存在于13%的解剖样本中。我们此次解剖的目的是确定第四腓骨肌的发生率、其起点和止点。在放大镜放大下对来自65具新鲜人体尸体的124条腿进行了解剖。当发现第四腓骨肌腱时，观察其起点、止点以及与腓骨长肌和腓骨短肌的解剖关系。所有标本都进行了绘图和拍照。第四腓骨肌存在于27条腿中（占标本的21.7%）。其起点、止点和大小各不相同。在17条腿（63%）中，该肌肉起自腓骨短肌的肌腹部分，并止于跟骨的腓骨结节。在大多数情况下，腓骨结节在止点处肥大。这项研究的结果总体表明，第四腓骨肌的发生率比赫克所声称的要高得多。其走行、起点和止点各不相同。其肌腱可用于踝关节外侧的重建手术，尤其是在腓骨肌腱前脱位和外侧韧带重建时。
