Kowalczyk Andrew P, Nanes Benjamin A
Department of Cell Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 30332, Atlanta, GA, USA,
Subcell Biochem. 2012;60:197-222. doi: 10.1007/978-94-007-4186-7_9.
Adherens junctions are important mediators of intercellular adhesion, but they are not static structures. They are regularly formed, broken, and rearranged in a variety of situations, requiring changes in the amount of cadherins, the main adhesion molecule in adherens junctions, present at the cell surface. Thus, endocytosis, degradation, and recycling of cadherins are crucial for dynamic regulation of adherens junctions and control of intercellular adhesion. In this chapter, we review the involvement of cadherin endocytosis in development and disease. We discuss the various endocytic pathways available to cadherins, the adaptors involved, and the sorting of internalized cadherin for recycling or lysosomal degradation. In addition, we review the regulatory pathways controlling cadherin endocytosis and degradation, including regulation of cadherin endocytosis by catenins, cadherin ubiquitination, and growth factor receptor signaling pathways. Lastly, we discuss the proteolytic cleavage of cadherins at the plasma membrane.
黏着连接是细胞间黏附的重要介导物，但它们并非静态结构。在各种情况下，它们会不断地形成、断裂和重新排列，这需要改变细胞表面黏着连接中主要黏附分子钙黏蛋白的数量。因此，钙黏蛋白的内吞作用、降解和再循环对于黏着连接的动态调节和细胞间黏附的控制至关重要。在本章中，我们综述了钙黏蛋白内吞作用在发育和疾病中的作用。我们讨论了钙黏蛋白可用的各种内吞途径、相关衔接蛋白以及内化钙黏蛋白用于再循环或溶酶体降解的分选过程。此外，我们还综述了控制钙黏蛋白内吞作用和降解的调节途径，包括连环蛋白对钙黏蛋白内吞作用 的调节、钙黏蛋白泛素化以及生长因子受体信号通路。最后，我们讨论了质膜上钙黏蛋白的蛋白水解切割。
