Botros K G, Bondok A A, Gabr O M, el-Eishi H I, State F A
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
Anat Anz. 1990;171(3):193-9.
The formation of the oesophageal hiatus was studied in 50 human diaphragms in which crura and the median arcuata ligaments were carefully dissected and their fibres were carefully traced to the central tendon. In 98% of the cases the right crus was divided into a medial, a middle and a lateral bundle. In 90% the left crus was divided into a medial and a lateral bundle. The medial bundle of the right crus was a constant component in bounding the hiatus. The undivided crura did not contribute to the borders of the hiatus. 5 variations in the formation of the hiatus were observed. In 62% the hiatus was bounded by the 2 crura mainly the right; the left crus shared only in the formation of the posterior border. In 10% the 2 crura contributed equally to the formation of the hiatus; the hiatus was formed by the medial bands. In 10% the hiatus was formed exclusively by the right crus. In 2% the hiatus was formed exclusively by the left crus. In 16% crura had no direct relation to the hiatus except posteriorly and the hiatus was bounded by a V-shaped band from the median arcuate ligament, this finding has not been previously reported. The functional significance of these variations was discussed.
在50个经仔细解剖膈脚和正中弓状韧带并追踪其纤维至中心腱的人体膈肌中，对食管裂孔的形成进行了研究。在98%的病例中，右侧膈脚分为内侧束、中间束和外侧束。在90%的病例中，左侧膈脚分为内侧束和外侧束。右侧膈脚的内侧束是界定裂孔的恒定组成部分。未分开的膈脚对裂孔的边界没有贡献。观察到裂孔形成的5种变异情况。在62%的病例中，裂孔主要由两侧膈脚（主要是右侧膈脚）界定；左侧膈脚仅参与后缘的形成。在10%的病例中，两侧膈脚对裂孔的形成贡献相等；裂孔由内侧束形成。在10%的病例中，裂孔仅由右侧膈脚形成。在2%的病例中，裂孔仅由左侧膈脚形成。在16%的病例中，膈脚除了在后方与裂孔无直接关系，裂孔由来自正中弓状韧带的V形束界定，这一发现此前未见报道。讨论了这些变异的功能意义。
