Centre for PET, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Semin Nucl Med. 2012 Jul;42(4):231-46. doi: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2012.03.002.
(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the most common positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer used in prostate and bladder cancer evaluation, but its role is hampered by a generally low glucose metabolic rate in primary prostate carcinoma, and physiological excretion of FDG through the urinary system masking FDG uptake in primary bladder and prostate carcinoma. FDG-PET may have a role in selected patients for staging and restaging advanced prostate cancer, particularly in patients with an increasing prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) level. The use of diuresis strategies facilitates the identification of primary bladder cancer, and may be useful in staging extravesical spread of disease. FDG-PET may also be useful in patients with ureteric and urethral cancers. New PET tracers are showing promise in the staging and biological characterization of prostate cancer, which can assist with therapeutic decision making in patients undergoing radiotherapy of primary disease, and in the assessment of metastatic disease.
（18）F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖（FDG）是最常用于前列腺癌和膀胱癌评估的正电子发射断层扫描（PET）放射性示踪剂，但由于原发性前列腺癌的葡萄糖代谢率通常较低，以及通过泌尿系统生理性排泄 FDG 掩盖原发性膀胱癌和前列腺癌的 FDG 摄取，其作用受到限制。FDG-PET 在某些特定患者的晚期前列腺癌分期和再分期中可能具有一定作用，特别是在前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）水平升高的患者中。采用利尿策略有助于确定原发性膀胱癌，并且在评估疾病的膀胱外扩散方面可能有用。FDG-PET 也可能对输尿管和尿道癌患者有用。新的 PET 示踪剂在前列腺癌的分期和生物学特征方面显示出良好的前景，这有助于指导接受原发性疾病放疗的患者的治疗决策，并有助于评估转移性疾病。
