Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Can J Psychiatry. 2012 Jun;57(6):381-8. doi: 10.1177/070674371205700608.
To assess the public's level of mental health literacy for psychosis.
A cross-sectional telephone survey using a random phone number selection procedure was conducted to identify a sample of 1685 participants comprised of youth at risk (aged 15 to 39 [corrected] years) and parents of youth at risk of psychosis (aged 35 to 59 years). The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry regrets the error and any inconvenience it might have caused. [corrected]. Participants were asked about their awareness of symptoms and causes of schizophrenia and psychosis, treatment options, and preferred channels for obtaining information about health and mental health.
The response rate was 73%. There was a high reported knowledge of the term schizophrenia (76%), but a low reported knowledge of the term psychosis (23%). Ninety-one per cent of participants agreed that medications can control symptoms of schizophrenia. Significant barriers to getting help included not knowing the early signs of psychosis, concerns about being labelled mentally ill or psychotic, and not knowing where to go for help. Preferred communication elements to reach at-risk youth and their families were pamphlets at family physicians' and school counsellors' offices, posters on buses, television and radio advertisements, and information on websites.
Whereas there is good knowledge about recognition and treatment of schizophrenia, there is less awareness of the broader concept of psychosis. Barriers to accessing care included recognition of early signs of psychosis and stigma. Public education programs aimed at promoting earlier intervention would need to address information about both psychosis and stigma.
评估公众对精神病的心理健康素养水平。
采用横断面电话调查，采用随机电话号码选择程序，确定了由 1685 名参与者组成的样本，包括有风险的青年（年龄在 15 至 39 岁[更正]）和有风险的青年的父母（年龄在 35 至 59 岁）。《加拿大精神病学杂志》对这一错误及其可能造成的任何不便表示歉意。[更正]。参与者被问及他们对精神分裂症和精神病症状和病因、治疗选择以及获取健康和心理健康信息的首选渠道的认识。
应答率为 73%。有很高的人知道精神分裂症这个术语（76%），但对精神病这个术语的了解很低（23%）。91%的参与者同意药物可以控制精神分裂症的症状。寻求帮助的主要障碍包括不知道精神病的早期迹象、担心被贴上精神疾病或精神病的标签，以及不知道去哪里寻求帮助。接触高危青年及其家庭的首选沟通要素包括在家庭医生和学校辅导员办公室的小册子、公共汽车上的海报、电视和广播广告以及网站上的信息。
虽然对识别和治疗精神分裂症有很好的认识，但对更广泛的精神病概念的认识较少。获得护理的障碍包括识别精神病的早期迹象和耻辱感。旨在促进早期干预的公众教育计划需要解决有关精神病和耻辱感的信息。
