Fluvial Ecosystem Research, Environment Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Environ Pollut. 2012 Oct;169:50-8. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.05.020. Epub 2012 Jun 7.
The separate and combined in vitro toxic effects of antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, novobiocin, oxytetracycline, sulfamethazole and trimethoprim) commonly found in urban wastewater effluents were assessed on the immune parameters of Elliptio complanata at environmentally relevant concentrations. The observed responses were then compared to those produced by the physicochemical-treated wastewater effluent of a major city before and after the removal of microorganisms. Most of the selected antibiotics, separately and as mixture, induced changes in immune responses. The removal of microorganisms and fine particles from the effluent increased or decreased the resulting immunotoxic effects, depending of the observed parameter. The immunotoxic effects of erythromycin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim were closely associated to the antibiotic mixture and the filtered effluent. In conclusion, the data revealed that the removal of fine particles and microorganisms from municipal effluents can alter the toxic nature of the effluent that is closely associated with the cumulative effects of antibiotics.
通常存在于城市废水中的抗生素（环丙沙星、红霉素、新生霉素、土霉素、磺胺甲恶唑和甲氧苄啶）的体外单独和联合毒性作用，在环境相关浓度下，被评估对扁形无齿蚌的免疫参数的影响。然后将观察到的反应与主要城市的理化处理废水在去除微生物前后产生的反应进行比较。大多数选择的抗生素，单独和混合使用，都会引起免疫反应的变化。从废水中去除微生物和细小颗粒，会根据观察到的参数，增加或减少由此产生的免疫毒性作用。红霉素、磺胺甲恶唑和甲氧苄啶的免疫毒性作用与抗生素混合物和过滤后的废水密切相关。总之，这些数据表明，从市政废水中去除细小颗粒和微生物可以改变与抗生素累积效应密切相关的废水的毒性性质。
