Beaudry Alexandre, Fortier Marlène, Masson Stéphane, Auffret Michel, Brousseau Pauline, Fournier Michel
INRS-Institut-Armand-Frappier Research Center, Laval, QC, Canada.
Aquarium du Québec, Québec, QC, Canada.
J Xenobiot. 2016 Aug 23;6(1):5889. doi: 10.4081/xeno.2016.5889. eCollection 2016 Jun 10.
The blue mussel is a filter-feeding bivalve commonly used in ecotoxicological monitoring as a sentinel species. Due to climate change and the increase of temperature expected in marine environment, it is important to anticipate potential impacts on this species. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunocompetence of blue mussels acclimated to different temperatures and on the effects of increasing temperatures (5, 10 and 20°C). Different indices and gonad maturation stages were also determined throughout the experiments. Cell viability, phagocytosis, serum lysozyme activity and cyclooxygenase (COX) activity were evaluated as immune parameters. The cellular immunity was also evaluated after hemocytes exposure to various cadmium concentrations . The results obtained demonstrate modulation of hemocyte viability and the ability of these cells to phagocytize in absence of contaminants. After the exposure to cadmium, hemocytes showed greater viability at 5°C while maintaining a higher phagocytic competence. In addition, the lysozyme activity stayed stable at all tested temperatures, contrary to that of COX, which increased when the mussels were maintained at 20°C. The evaluation of indices demonstrated no reduction of general conditions during all the experiment despite the increase of temperature and the reduction of the digestive gland weight. Moreover, the lack of food does not affect gonad maturation and the spawning process.
蓝贻贝是一种滤食性双壳贝类，通常作为指示物种用于生态毒理学监测。由于气候变化以及海洋环境预期温度的升高，预测对该物种的潜在影响很重要。本研究的目的是调查适应不同温度的蓝贻贝的免疫能力以及温度升高（5、10和20°C）的影响。在整个实验过程中还确定了不同的指标和性腺成熟阶段。评估细胞活力、吞噬作用、血清溶菌酶活性和环氧化酶（COX）活性作为免疫参数。在血细胞暴露于各种镉浓度后也评估了细胞免疫。获得的结果表明，在没有污染物的情况下，血细胞活力和这些细胞的吞噬能力受到调节。暴露于镉后，血细胞在5°C时显示出更高的活力，同时保持更高的吞噬能力。此外，溶菌酶活性在所有测试温度下保持稳定，与COX相反，当贻贝保持在20°C时COX活性增加。指标评估表明，尽管温度升高且消化腺重量减轻，但在所有实验过程中总体状况没有下降。此外，缺乏食物并不影响性腺成熟和产卵过程。
