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利用稻草生物炭作为除草剂的缓释载体和土壤改良剂,减少其淋溶。

Use of rice straw biochar simultaneously as the sustained release carrier of herbicides and soil amendment for their reduced leaching.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, Shaoxing University, Zhejiang 312000, China.

出版信息

J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Jul 4;60(26):6463-70. doi: 10.1021/jf3009734. Epub 2012 Jun 21.

Abstract

The sustained release and reduced leaching of herbicides is expected for enhancing their efficacy and minimizing their pollution. For this purpose, the rice straw biochar made at a relatively low temperature (350 °C) (RS350) was used simultaneously as the carrier for incorporating herbicides besides as the soil amendment. In this way, the sustained release of herbicides acetochlor and 2,4-D was obtained in the release experiments, due to the high and reversible sorption by RS350 biochar. Besides, the RS350 biochar significantly reduced the leached amount of herbicides by 25.4%-40.7% for acetochlor, and by 30.2%-45.5% for 2,4-D, depending on the depth (50 or 100 mm) of biochar-amended soil horizon. The high retention of both herbicides in the biochar-amended topsoil makes it possible to extend their efficacy. The results suggest a potential way of using low temperature biochars to reduce the leaching of herbicides without impacting their efficacy.

摘要

为了提高除草剂的功效并最大程度减少其污染,预计会实现除草剂的持续释放和减少浸出。为此,在相对较低的温度(350°C)下制备的稻秸生物炭(RS350)同时被用作除草剂的载体,同时也被用作土壤改良剂。这样,在释放实验中获得了除草剂乙草胺和 2,4-D 的持续释放,这是由于 RS350 生物炭的高吸附和解吸能力。此外,RS350 生物炭显著减少了乙草胺和 2,4-D 的浸出量,分别减少了 25.4%-40.7%和 30.2%-45.5%,这取决于生物炭改良土壤层的深度(50 或 100 毫米)。两种除草剂在生物炭改良表土中的高保留率使得延长其功效成为可能。结果表明,使用低温生物炭是一种减少除草剂浸出而不影响其功效的潜在方法。

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