School of Science and Technology, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, Scotland, UK.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2012 Oct;37(5):829-39. doi: 10.1139/h2012-052. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
Information on the health status and physical activity of Scottish adolescents is limited. This study examines the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in Scottish adolescents by socioeconomic status (SES). Participants were recruited from two high schools that differed in the SES of the students in attendance. The sample included 73 boys and 34 girls (16.4 ± 0.6 years). Variables included anthropometry, physical activity, physical fitness, blood pressure, diet, and 11 metabolic markers of CVD risk. Significant sex differences (P ≤ 0.01) were noted for stature, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular power, sprint speed, and several CVD risk factors: high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Boys from a lower SES had significantly higher levels of glucose and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) but lower levels of adiponectin compared with boys from a higher SES. Girls from a lower SES had significantly (P ≤ 0.01) higher glucose and PAI-1 levels but lower levels of insulin and adiponectin than girls from a higher SES. High fat diets, low physical activity levels, and elevated CRP and total cholesterol levels were the CVD risk factors most commonly identified as being at-risk levels in this cohort, regardless of sex or SES. SES differences were not consistently apparent, but several CVD risk factors were identified as elevated in this sample of adolescents, regardless of sex or SES.
苏格兰青少年的健康状况和身体活动信息有限。本研究通过社会经济地位（SES）检查了苏格兰青少年心血管疾病（CVD）风险的流行情况。参与者从两所高中生中招募，这两所高中生的学生 SES 不同。该样本包括 73 名男孩和 34 名女孩（16.4 ± 0.6 岁）。变量包括人体测量，身体活动，身体适应性，血压，饮食以及 11 种 CVD 风险因素的代谢标志物。身高，腰围，腰臀比，身体活动，心肺适能，肌肉力量，冲刺速度以及几种 CVD 风险因素（高密度脂蛋白（HDL），低密度脂蛋白（LDL），白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和 C-反应蛋白（CRP）水平）均显示出明显的性别差异（P ≤ 0.01）。SES 较低的男孩的葡萄糖和纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1）水平明显更高，但与 SES 较高的男孩相比，脂联素水平较低。SES 较低的女孩的葡萄糖和 PAI-1 水平明显更高（P ≤ 0.01），但胰岛素和脂联素水平较低。高糖饮食，低身体活动水平以及 CRP 和总胆固醇水平升高是 CVD 风险因素，无论性别或 SES 如何，该队列中最常见的风险因素。SES 差异并不总是明显，但是无论性别或 SES 如何，本研究样本中都确定了一些 CVD 风险因素升高。
