School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2012 Sep;50(9):3198-205. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.05.056. Epub 2012 Jun 9.
Protocatechuic acid (PCA) at 0.5%, 1% or 2% was supplied to D-galactose (DG) treated mice for 8 week. PCA intake at 2% increased its deposit in brain. DG treatment increased brain level of reactive oxygen species, protein carbonyl, carboxymethyllysine, pentosidine, sorbitol, fructose and methylglyoxal (P<0.05). PCA intake, at 1% and 2%, lowered brain level of these parameters (P<0.05). DG treatments enhanced activity and protein expression of aldose reductase (AR) and sorbitol dehydrogenase, as well as declined glyoxalase I (GLI) activity and protein expression (P<0.05). PCA intake at 1% and 2% reduced activity and protein expression of AR (P<0.05), and at 2% restored GLI activity and expression (P<0.05). DG injection also elevated cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 activity and expression, and increased the release of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and prostaglandin E(2) in brain (P<0.05). PCA intake decreased these cytokines (P<0.05), and at 1% and 2% suppressed COX-2 activity and expression (P<0.05). PCA intake at 1% and 2% also lowered DG-induced elevation in activity, mRNA expression and protein production of nuclear factor kappa B p65 (P<0.05). These findings suggest that the supplement of protocatechuic acid might be helpful for the prevention or alleviation of aging.
原甲酸三乙酯（PCA）以 0.5％、1％或 2％的浓度供应给用 D-半乳糖（DG）处理的小鼠 8 周。2％的 PCA 摄入增加了其在大脑中的沉积。DG 处理增加了大脑中活性氧、蛋白质羰基、羧甲基赖氨酸、戊糖、山梨醇、果糖和甲基乙二醛的水平（P<0.05）。1％和 2％的 PCA 摄入降低了这些参数的大脑水平（P<0.05）。DG 处理增强了醛糖还原酶（AR）和山梨醇脱氢酶的活性和蛋白表达，以及降低了糖氧还原酶 I（GLI）的活性和蛋白表达（P<0.05）。1％和 2％的 PCA 摄入降低了 AR 的活性和蛋白表达（P<0.05），并在 2％时恢复了 GLI 的活性和表达（P<0.05）。DG 注射还增加了环氧化酶（COX）-2 的活性和表达，并增加了大脑中白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α和前列腺素 E2（P<0.05）的释放。PCA 摄入降低了这些细胞因子（P<0.05），并在 1％和 2％时抑制了 COX-2 的活性和表达（P<0.05）。1％和 2％的 PCA 摄入还降低了 DG 诱导的核因子 kappa B p65 的活性、mRNA 表达和蛋白产生的升高（P<0.05）。这些发现表明，原甲酸三乙酯的补充可能有助于预防或减轻衰老。
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