Clayton J A, Simonet P F
l'Université du Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Cah Prothese. 1990 Dec(72):114-38.
Occlusion plays a significant role in the successful restoration of natural teeth and in replacing missing teeth. Over the decades, standards for occlusion have been established. Implants, osseointegrated, have provided a rigid, usable abutment for restorations of occlusion and for the replacement of missing teeth. The natural tooth, due to it's mobility dynamics, presents problems related to occlusion. The osseointegrated, rigid implant, due to it's lack of mobility, presents in many respects problems related to occlusion. Substantial amounts of research has been presented on implants as it relates to success of osseointegration and acceptance by bone, and the acceptance of oral mucosal tissues to penetration of the implant. Failures of implant fixtures and their parts have been experienced. Not much information has been presented on the causes of failures. The question becomes obvious What is the role of the forces of occlusion? The purpose of this article is to present some aspects of occlusion that are important in restoring natural teeth and complete dentures. The problems in applying these aspects to the osseointegrated, rigid implant will be presented. The factors to consider in the control of the forces of occlusion in using implants will be established. It is not possible to cover all the possibilities of occlusion for implantation. However, the factors to consider in making intelligent choices will be presented.
咬合在天然牙的成功修复及缺失牙的替代中起着重要作用。几十年来，已经确立了咬合标准。骨结合种植体为咬合修复及缺失牙替代提供了一个稳固、可用的基台。天然牙由于其动度变化，会出现与咬合相关的问题。骨结合的稳固种植体由于缺乏动度，在很多方面也会出现与咬合相关的问题。关于种植体与骨结合成功及骨对其接纳情况，以及口腔黏膜组织对种植体植入的接纳情况，已经有大量研究。种植体装置及其部件出现过失败情况，但关于失败原因的信息却不多。问题变得很明显：咬合力量的作用是什么？本文的目的是阐述在天然牙修复和全口义齿修复中一些重要的咬合方面内容，还将介绍将这些方面应用于骨结合稳固种植体时出现的问题，确立在使用种植体时控制咬合力量需考虑的因素。不可能涵盖种植中咬合的所有可能性，但会介绍做出明智选择时需考虑的因素。
