Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013 Jan;38(1):94-106. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.05.004. Epub 2012 Jun 9.
It is well established that stress and glucocorticoids can affect memory. Psychosocial stress has been reported to eliminate retrieval-induced forgetting (RIF), the phenomenon that repeated retrieval of a subset of previously learned material impairs later recall of related, but non-retrieved information. The stress-related reduction of RIF has been found correlated with an increase in salivary cortisol levels. Based on these findings, the current placebo-controlled study examined the effect of an oral dose of 25mg hydrocortisone on the RIF effect in 37 healthy men. Even though participants in the hydrocortisone group showed a marked increase in salivary cortisol, retrieval-induced forgetting was not affected by the pharmacological treatment. Thus, cortisol administration alone in contrast to stress experience does not impair the RIF effect. However, participants with high state anxiety during retrieval practice did not show RIF, whereas participants with low state anxiety did. This finding suggests a role for state anxiety in stress-related elimination of retrieval-induced forgetting, perhaps indicative of a memory-modulating sympathetic nervous system effect.
众所周知，压力和糖皮质激素会影响记忆。有报道称，心理社会压力消除了检索诱发遗忘（RIF），即重复检索先前学习材料的一部分会损害随后对相关但未检索到的信息的回忆。应激相关的 RIF 减少与唾液皮质醇水平的增加有关。基于这些发现，目前的安慰剂对照研究在 37 名健康男性中检查了口服 25mg 氢化可的松对 RIF 效应的影响。尽管接受氢化可的松治疗的参与者的唾液皮质醇水平明显升高，但检索诱发的遗忘不受药物治疗的影响。因此，与应激体验相比，皮质醇单独给药不会损害 RIF 效应。然而，在检索练习期间具有高状态焦虑的参与者没有表现出 RIF，而具有低状态焦虑的参与者则表现出 RIF。这一发现表明状态焦虑在应激相关的检索诱发遗忘消除中起作用，可能表明记忆调节交感神经系统的影响。
