Bravo Victoria, Román Matías, Bettini Marli, Cerda Patricia, Mieres Juan José, Paris Enrique, Ríos Juan Carlos
Centro de Información Toxicológica y de Medicamentos, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2012 Mar;140(3):313-8. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872012000300005.
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is an analgesic and antipyretic drug widely used across the world. Its ingestion is one of the most common causes of drug overdose. In the United States is the first cause of acute hepatitis in adults.
To describe the epidemiological profile of paracetamol overdose in Chile.
Cross sectional retrospective study that included all the phone call inquiries received at the Poison Control Center of the Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile (CITUC) during 2009.
Nine hundred fifty nine inquiries involving acute paracetamol exposures were received. Women represented a 63.1% of the cases. Half of the cases were suicide attempts, of which 74.8% were women. Accidental exposures occurred mainly in children. In 29.3% of the patients, the exposure was considered to involve a hepatotoxic dose. Women had 2.7 times the risk of men to ingest a toxic dose of paracetamol with suicidal purpose (Odds ratio (OR) = 2.7; 95% confidence interval (Cl): 2.1-3.6; p < 0.001). Adolescents had 3.4 times the risk of the general consultants (OR: 3.4; 95% Cl: 2.4-4.7; p < 0.001).
Paracetamol overdose is common in Chile. Authorities should carry out preventive measures. Antidotes and the capacity to measure plasma levels of paracetamol should be available in healthcare centers.
对乙酰氨基酚是一种在全球广泛使用的解热镇痛药。其过量服用是药物过量最常见的原因之一。在美国，它是成人急性肝炎的首要病因。
描述智利对乙酰氨基酚过量服用的流行病学特征。
横断面回顾性研究，纳入了2009年智利天主教大学中毒控制中心（CITUC）接到的所有电话咨询。
共收到959例涉及急性对乙酰氨基酚暴露的咨询。女性占病例的63.1%。半数病例为自杀未遂，其中74.8%为女性。意外暴露主要发生在儿童中。29.3%的患者暴露量被认为涉及肝毒性剂量。女性自杀性摄入有毒剂量对乙酰氨基酚的风险是男性的2.7倍（优势比（OR）=2.7；95%置信区间（Cl）：2.1 - 3.6；p < 0.001）。青少年的风险是普通咨询者的3.4倍（OR：3.4；95% Cl：2.4 - 4.7；p < 0.001）。
对乙酰氨基酚过量服用在智利很常见。当局应采取预防措施。医疗中心应具备解毒剂以及检测对乙酰氨基酚血浆水平的能力。
