Platelet-lowering therapy with anagrelide as an adjuvant therapy for treatment of primary pulmonary neoplasm-associated extreme thrombocytosis.

Thrombocytosis is a common paraneoplastic syndrome in patients with lung cancer. However, complications associated with malignancy-related thrombocytosis, including thrombosis and hemorrhage, have rarely been reported. In this case, we describe a 57-year-old man with unresectable adenocarcinoma of the lung who presented with a platelet count over 100 × 10(4)/mm(3). In addition, deep venous thrombosis of the left femoral vein was found during admission. The circumference of the left lower leg and platelet count progressed during the period without chemotherapy and anticoagulants; however, with the addition of anagrelide they improved. We provided an adjuvant therapy with platelet-lowering therapy to treat cancer-induced thrombocytosis during the period without chemotherapy.