Chee H, Khor G, Tee E S
Department of Nutrition and Community Health, Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Malays J Nutr. 1997 Mar;3(1):1-19.
A nutritional study was carried out on six (five rural and one urban) low income groups in Peninsular Malaysia from 1992-1995. In this paper, the socio-economic data for the five rural groups - padi farmers, rubber smallholders, coconut smallholders, estate workers, and fishermen - are presented. With the exception of the estate workers, the sample was predominantly Malay, with an overall mean household size of 5.30. Household incomes were generally low, and 47% of all households had incomes that were below the poverty line income (PLI) of RM405. Based on this PLI, the prevalence of poverty was above 50% among the padi, rubber, coconut, and fishing households. Nevertheless, the study population appeared to be better off in terms of the other indicators examined. Poultry rearing, for example, was widespread in the padi, rubber, and coconut villages; 65% of all households owned at least one motorised vehicle, 53% owned a refrigerator, and 83% owned a television set. Furthermore, over 80% of all households had access to piped water, 96% had electricity supply, and over 90% had a flush or pour-flush latrine. In comparison to the 1979-1983 poverty villages study (Chong et al., 1984), the households in the current study enjoyed better living conditions. Strict comparisons between the two studies, however, is difficult owing to the different criteria adopted in the selection of the study villages.
1992年至1995年，对马来西亚半岛的六个（五个农村和一个城市）低收入群体进行了一项营养研究。本文介绍了五个农村群体——水稻种植户、小橡胶园主、小椰子种植户、种植园工人和渔民——的社会经济数据。除种植园工人外，样本主要为马来人，家庭平均规模为5.30人。家庭收入普遍较低，47%的家庭收入低于405林吉特的贫困线收入（PLI）。基于这一贫困线收入，水稻种植户、橡胶种植户、椰子种植户和渔民家庭的贫困率超过50%。然而，就所考察的其他指标而言，研究人群的情况似乎较好。例如，家禽饲养在水稻、橡胶和椰子种植村很普遍；65%的家庭至少拥有一辆机动车，53%的家庭拥有一台冰箱，83%的家庭拥有一台电视机。此外，超过80%的家庭能够使用自来水，96%的家庭有电力供应，超过90%的家庭有冲水式或倒冲式厕所。与1979年至1983年的贫困村研究（Chong等人，1984年）相比，本研究中的家庭生活条件更好。然而，由于在选择研究村庄时采用了不同的标准，很难对这两项研究进行严格比较。
