Jaggupilli Appalaraju, Elkord Eyad
Biomedical Research Centre, School of Environment & Life Sciences, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK.
Clin Dev Immunol. 2012;2012:708036. doi: 10.1155/2012/708036. Epub 2012 May 30.
Cancer stem cell population is a subset of cells capable of dictating invasion, metastasis, heterogeneity, and therapeutic resistance in tumours. Eradication of this rare population is a new insight in cancer treatment. However, prospective identification, characterization, and isolation of these CSCs have been a major challenge. Many studies were performed on surface markers for potential identification and isolation of CSCs. Lack of universal expression of surface markers limits their usage and no best combination of markers has yet been confirmed to identify CSCs capable of initiating and metastasizing tumours. CD44, a hyaluronic acid receptor, is one of the most commonly studied surface markers, which is expressed by almost every tumour cell. CD24, a heat stable antigen, is another surface marker expressed in many tumour types. However, their expression and prognostic value in isolating CSCs are still an enduring ambiguity. In this critical review, we assess the role of CD44 and CD24 in tumour initiation, development, and metastasis. We mainly focus on analysing the significance of CD44 and CD24 as CSC surface markers in combination or with other putative markers in different types of cancer.
癌症干细胞群体是一类能够决定肿瘤侵袭、转移、异质性和治疗抗性的细胞亚群。根除这一稀有群体是癌症治疗中的一项新见解。然而，对这些癌症干细胞进行前瞻性鉴定、表征和分离一直是一项重大挑战。许多研究围绕用于潜在鉴定和分离癌症干细胞的表面标志物展开。表面标志物缺乏普遍表达限制了它们的应用，且尚未确认能鉴定出具有肿瘤起始和转移能力的癌症干细胞的最佳标志物组合。CD44是一种透明质酸受体，是研究最为广泛的表面标志物之一，几乎在每个肿瘤细胞中都有表达。CD24是一种热稳定抗原，是在许多肿瘤类型中表达的另一种表面标志物。然而，它们在分离癌症干细胞中的表达情况和预后价值仍存在长期的不确定性。在这篇批判性综述中，我们评估了CD44和CD24在肿瘤起始、发展和转移中的作用。我们主要聚焦于分析CD44和CD24作为癌症干细胞表面标志物，单独或与不同类型癌症中的其他假定标志物联合使用时的意义。
