[Post-traumatic hemarthrosis of the knee and arthroscopy. Review of 161 cases].

In a prospective study, 161 traumatic hemarthrosis of the knee had clinical, radiological and arthroscopic examination. The anatomical lesions were diagnosed clinically and radiologically in 78%, but was incomplete every other time. Arthroscopy allowed us to confirm, to complete or to do the exact diagnosis in 98%. Anatomical lesions were never benign: ligaments ruptures (65%), patella dislocations (20.5%), chondral lesions (41%), meniscal lesions (31%). The main interest of arthroscopy is to precise associated lesions and thus, to use these data for a rational treatment program. Most often, the treatment has been performed by arthroscopic techniques, avoiding arthrotomy and shortening post operative rehabilitation. No complication due to arthroscopy has been noted. This study confirms: (1) that a traumatic hemarthrosis indicates a serious knee injury, and (2) the important contribution of arthroscopy for diagnosis and treatment of these traumatic knees.