Poligui R N, Haubruge E, Francis F
University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Functional and evolutionary Entomology, Passage de Deportes 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2011;76(3):445-56.
The aphid Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) is known as worldwide important pest. It causes serious injuries to crops, but is also able to feed on various cultivated and wild plants. Some programs are developped to control this aphid. In many studies, hoverfy Episyrphus balteatus De Geer (Diptera: Syrphidae) is used as an efficient and aphid specific predator in biological control systems. In this work, we study cotton aphid choice plant discrimination, the effect of host plants on its developpment (fecondity and mortality), and the E. balteatus foraging and oviposition behavior according aphid host plants. Biologic parameters were observed using various plant combinations. E. balteatus behavioral observations were conducted using the Noldus Observer v.5.0. A. gossypii makes discriminant choice of his hosts, with better preference on Cucurbita pepo L. (Cucurbitaceae) and Capsicum annuum L. (Solanaceae). Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H.J. Lam. (Burseraceae) and Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae) are the midle choice while Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) is less chosen. A. gossypii develops easily on C. pepo, and weakly on Canuum, H. sabdariffa, and V. faba. D. edulis induces very high mortality to A. gossypii. According to E. balteatus behavior, A. gossypii is more attractive when infesting C. pepo and V. faba, less on, H. sabdariffa. While non-infested, V. faba appeared to be more attractive for the hoverfly, but without significant differnce compared to other plants. Our results highlited the importance of interactions between aphids and their host plants and the prey-host influence on a specific aphid predatory hoverfy. Other ways like melon aphid and its host plant volatils emission, in correlation with this work, are to investigated to complete this study and perform melon aphid biological control.
棉蚜Aphis gossypii Glover（同翅目：蚜科）是一种世界性的重要害虫。它会对农作物造成严重损害，但也能取食多种栽培植物和野生植物。人们制定了一些防治这种蚜虫的方案。在许多研究中，悬停蝇Episyrphus balteatus De Geer（双翅目：食蚜蝇科）被用作生物防治系统中一种高效且专食蚜虫的捕食者。在这项工作中，我们研究了棉蚜对植物的选择、寄主植物对其发育（繁殖力和死亡率）的影响，以及悬停蝇根据蚜虫寄主植物的觅食和产卵行为。使用各种植物组合观察生物学参数。使用Noldus Observer v.5.0对悬停蝇的行为进行观察。棉蚜对其寄主有辨别性选择，对西葫芦Cucurbita pepo L.（葫芦科）和辣椒Capsicum annuum L.（茄科）有更好的偏好。可食猴面包树Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H.J. Lam.（橄榄科）和蚕豆Vicia faba L.（豆科）是中等选择，而玫瑰茄Hibiscus sabdariffa L.（锦葵科）则较少被选择。棉蚜在西葫芦上容易发育，而在辣椒、玫瑰茄和蚕豆上发育较弱。可食猴面包树对棉蚜有很高的致死率。根据悬停蝇的行为，棉蚜侵染西葫芦和蚕豆时更具吸引力，侵染玫瑰茄时吸引力较小。在未受侵染时，蚕豆对悬停蝇似乎更具吸引力，但与其他植物相比没有显著差异。我们的结果突出了蚜虫与其寄主植物之间相互作用以及猎物 - 寄主关系对特定蚜虫捕食性悬停蝇的重要性。与这项工作相关的，如甜瓜蚜虫及其寄主植物挥发物排放等其他方面有待研究，以完善这项研究并进行甜瓜蚜虫的生物防治。
