Mensi Carolina, Sieno Claudia, Consonni Dario, Riboldi Luciano
Dipartimento di Medicina Preventiva, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Clinica del Lavoro L. Devoto, Milano (MI).
G Ital Med Lav Ergon. 2012 Jan-Mar;34(1):51-4.
The sinonasal cancer (SNC) are a rare tumors characterized by high occupational etiologic fraction. For this reason their incidence and etiology can be actively monitored by a dedicated cancer registry. The National Registry of these tumours is situated at the Italian Institute for Occupational Safety and Prevention (ISPESL) and is based on Regional Operating Centres (ROCs). In Lombardy Region the ROC has been established at the end of 2007 with the purpose to make a systematic surveillance and therefore to support in the most suitable way the scientific research and the prevention actions in the high risk working sectors. The aims of this surveillance are: to estimate the regional incidence of SNC, to define different sources of occupational and environmental exposure both known (wood, leather, nickel, chromium) and unknown. The registry collects all the new incident cases of epithelial SNC occurring in residents in Lombardy Region since 01.01.2008. The regional Registry is managed according to National Guidelines. Until January 2010 we received 596 cases of suspected SNC; only 91 (15%) of these were actually incident cases according to the inclusion criteria of the Registry, and they were preferentially adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma. In 2008 the regional age-standardized incidence rate of SNC for males and females, respectively, is 0.8 and 0.5 per 100,000. Occupational or environmental exposure to wood or leather dust is ascertained in over the 50% of cases. The occupational exposure to leather dust was duo to work in shoe factories. Our preliminary findings confirm that occupational exposure to wood and leather dusts are the more relevant risk factors for SNC. The study of occupational sectors and job activity in cases without such exposure could suggest new etiologic hypothesis.
鼻窦癌（SNC）是一种罕见肿瘤，其职业病因占比很高。因此，专门的癌症登记处可以对其发病率和病因进行积极监测。这些肿瘤的国家登记处设在意大利职业安全与预防研究所（ISPESL），并以地区运营中心（ROC）为基础。在伦巴第大区，ROC于2007年底成立，目的是进行系统监测，从而以最合适的方式支持高危工作部门的科研和预防行动。该监测的目的是：估计SNC的地区发病率，确定已知（木材、皮革、镍、铬）和未知的职业和环境暴露的不同来源。该登记处收集了自2008年1月1日以来伦巴第大区居民中发生的所有上皮性SNC新发病例。地区登记处按照国家指南进行管理。截至2010年1月，我们共收到596例疑似SNC病例；根据登记处的纳入标准，其中只有91例（15%）为实际新发病例，且主要为腺癌和鳞状细胞癌。2008年，SNC在男性和女性中的地区年龄标准化发病率分别为每10万人0.8例和0.5例。超过50%的病例确定存在职业或环境中接触木材或皮革粉尘的情况。职业接触皮革粉尘是由于在鞋厂工作。我们的初步研究结果证实，职业接触木材和皮革粉尘是SNC更相关的危险因素。对无此类接触病例的职业部门和工作活动进行研究可能会提出新的病因假设。
