National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan.
Chemosphere. 2012 Sep;88(11):1353-7. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.05.038. Epub 2012 Jun 12.
In this study, we analyzed over 30 types of PFCs, including precursors in both the dissolved phase and particle solid phase, in 50 samples of river water collected from throughout the Tokyo Bay basin. PFCs were detected in suspended solids (SSs) at levels ranging from <0.003-4.4 ng L(-1) (0.11-2470 ng g(-1) dry weight). The concentrations of PFCs in the SS were one to two order(s) of magnitude lower than those of PFCs in the dissolved phase. Relatively high levels of PFCs (total of 35 PFCs) in SS were observed in urbanized areas. The concentration of PFCAs, including PFOA and PFNA, were significantly correlated with the geographic index as artificial area (R(2) of the linear regression curve in a double logarithmic plot: 0.09-0.55). Conversely, PFOS and FOSA were significantly correlated with the arterial traffic area (R(2) in a double logarithmic plot: 0.29-0.55). Those spatial trends were similar to the trends in dissolved PFCs. We estimated the loading amount of PFCs into Tokyo Bay from six main rivers and found that more than 90% of the total PFCs reached Tokyo Bay in the dissolved phase. However, 40.0-83.5% of the long chain PFCAs (C12-C15), were transported as particle sorbed PFCs. Rain runoff events might increase the loading amount of PFCs in SS. Overall, the results presented herein indicate that greater attention should be given to PFCs, especially for longer chain PFCs in SS in addition to dissolved PFCs.
在这项研究中，我们分析了来自东京湾流域 50 个河水样本中 30 多种全氟化合物，包括溶解相和颗粒固相中的前体。在悬浮固体（SSs）中检测到全氟化合物，浓度范围为<0.003-4.4ngL(-1)（0.11-2470ngg(-1)干重）。SS 中全氟化合物的浓度比溶解相中的全氟化合物低一到两个数量级。在城市化地区，SS 中相对较高水平的全氟化合物（总共 35 种全氟化合物）被观察到。全氟羧酸（包括 PFOA 和 PFNA）的浓度与人工区域的地理指数呈显著相关（双对数图中线性回归曲线的 R(2)：0.09-0.55）。相反，PFOS 和 FOSA 与动脉交通区域呈显著相关（双对数图中 R(2)：0.29-0.55）。这些空间趋势与溶解态全氟化合物的趋势相似。我们从六条主要河流估算了全氟化合物进入东京湾的负荷量，发现超过 90%的全氟化合物以溶解态进入东京湾。然而，40.0-83.5%的长链全氟羧酸（C12-C15）以颗粒吸附的全氟化合物形式输送。雨水径流事件可能会增加 SS 中全氟化合物的负荷量。总的来说，本研究结果表明，除了溶解态全氟化合物外，还应更加关注 SS 中的全氟化合物，特别是长链全氟化合物。
