Ripat Jacquie, Becker Pam
Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Manitoba, Canada.
Occup Ther Int. 2012 Sep;19(3):144-53. doi: 10.1002/oti.1331. Epub 2012 Jun 15.
Play, specifically outdoor play, is crucial for a child's development. However, not all playgrounds are designed to provide usable space for children with disabilities. The aim of the study was to gain an understanding of the experiences of playground use for children with disabilities and their caregivers. Using a qualitative descriptive design, interviews were conducted with children with disabilities and their caregivers. Interview transcripts were reviewed and coded. The analysis process resulted in three overarching themes. Playground Experiences addressed the sensory experiences that children seek at playgrounds, the importance of creating environments that promote imaginative play and the need to provide an appropriate level of challenge. In the second theme, Playground Usability, participants described barriers that prevent access and features that promote use. The third theme, Inclusivity, focused on equal access and the importance of providing options in design. The Person-Environment-Occupation model was used to frame the findings and to identify practice and research recommendations. Outdoor play is a key occupation of children, and occupational therapists have a role in promoting usable environments for all children.
玩耍，尤其是户外玩耍，对儿童的发育至关重要。然而，并非所有游乐场都设计为残疾儿童提供可用空间。该研究的目的是了解残疾儿童及其照顾者使用游乐场的体验。采用定性描述性设计，对残疾儿童及其照顾者进行了访谈。对访谈记录进行了审查和编码。分析过程产生了三个总体主题。“游乐场体验”主题涉及儿童在游乐场寻求的感官体验、创造促进想象性玩耍的环境的重要性以及提供适当挑战水平的必要性。在第二个主题“游乐场可用性”中，参与者描述了阻碍进入的障碍以及促进使用的特征。第三个主题“包容性”侧重于平等进入以及在设计中提供选择的重要性。采用人-环境-活动模型来构建研究结果，并确定实践和研究建议。户外玩耍是儿童的一项关键活动，职业治疗师在为所有儿童促进可用环境方面发挥着作用。
