Kanda ENT Clinic, Nagasaki Bell Hearing Center, Nagasaki, Japan.
Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2012 Apr;5 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S59-64. doi: 10.3342/ceo.2012.5.S1.S59. Epub 2012 Apr 30.
We conducted multi-directional language development tests as a part of the Research on Sensory and Communicative Disorders (RSVD) in Japan. This report discusses findings as well as factors that led to better results in children with severe-profound hearing loss.
We evaluated multiple language development tests in 33 Japanese children with cochlear implants (32 patients) and hearing aid (1 patient), including 1) Test for question and answer interaction development, 2) Word fluency test, 3) Japanese version of the Peabody picture vocabulary test-revised, 4) The standardized comprehension test of abstract words, 5) The screening test of reading and writing for Japanese primary school children, 6) The syntactic processing test of aphasia, 7) Criterion-referenced testing (CRT) for Japanese language and mathematics, 8) Pervasive development disorders ASJ rating scales, and 9) Raven's colored progressive matrices. Furthermore, we investigated the factors believed to account for the better performances in these tests. The first group, group A, consisted of 14 children with higher scores in all tests than the national average for children with hearing difficulty. The second group, group B, included 19 children that scored below the national average in any of the tests.
Overall, the results show that 76.2% of the scores obtained by the children in these tests exceeded the national average scores of children with hearing difficulty. The children who finished above average on all tests had undergone a longer period of regular habilitation in our rehabilitation center, had their implants earlier in life, were exposed to more auditory verbal/oral communication in their education at affiliated institutions, and were more likely to have been integrated in a regular kindergarten before moving on to elementary school.
In this study, we suggest that taking the above four factors into consideration will have an affect on the language development of children with severe-profound hearing loss.
我们在日本的感觉和交流障碍研究（RSVD）中进行了多方向语言发展测试。本报告讨论了研究结果以及导致严重-极重度听力损失儿童取得更好结果的因素。
我们评估了 33 名日本植入人工耳蜗（32 名患者）和助听器（1 名患者）儿童的多项语言发展测试，包括 1）问答互动发展测试、2）词汇流畅性测试、3）日本版 Peabody 图片词汇测试修订版、4）抽象词标准化理解测试、5）日本小学生阅读和写作筛查测试、6）失语症句法处理测试、7）日语和数学的标准参照测试（CRT）、8）广泛性发育障碍 ASJ 评定量表和 9）瑞文彩色渐进矩阵。此外，我们还研究了导致这些测试表现更好的因素。第一组，A 组，由 14 名在所有测试中得分均高于听力困难儿童全国平均水平的儿童组成。第二组，B 组，由 19 名在任何一项测试中得分均低于全国平均水平的儿童组成。
总体而言，这些测试中儿童的得分有 76.2%超过了听力困难儿童的全国平均得分。在所有测试中得分高于平均水平的儿童在我们的康复中心接受了更长时间的定期康复治疗，更早地接受了人工耳蜗植入，在附属机构的教育中接受了更多的听觉言语/口语交流，并且在进入小学之前更有可能进入普通幼儿园。
在这项研究中，我们认为考虑到这四个因素将对严重-极重度听力损失儿童的语言发展产生影响。
