Alexa E, Pop G, Sumalan R-M, Radulov I, Poiana M, Tulcan C
Banat's University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Aradului 119, Timisoara, Romania.
Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2011;76(4):661-6.
Fungal contamination of plant products is an important risk factor for health, because of the high mycotoxin potential deriving from these contaminations with multiple effects: hepatic toxicity, teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic. The contamination of cereals with mycotoxins has been a serious problem in Balkan communities. Several studies implicated mycotoxins, in endemic kidney disease geographically limited to Balkan region (Balkan endemic nephropathy). The trichothecenes are of particular concern because they are ubiquitous found in wheat, corn and barley throughout the world. Fumonisins have been isolated from certain Fusarium species of which FB1, FB2 and FB3 are the major ones produced in naturally contaminated foods.These mycotoxins are produced on cereal grains infected by Fusarium while being grown in-the-field. The aim of this study is to evaluate the presence of the Fusarium species in cereals from West side of Romania and to determinate the concentrations of deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisine (F1+F2). Identification of Fusarium species was done using the total number of fungal species determination method. The level of mycotoxins was determined with the immune-enzymatic method ELISA. 27 cereal samples from rural households in three counties in West Romania were analysed.
植物产品的真菌污染是一个重要的健康风险因素，因为这些污染会产生具有多种影响的高含量霉菌毒素：肝毒性、致畸性、致突变性和致癌性。谷物被霉菌毒素污染一直是巴尔干地区社区的一个严重问题。多项研究表明，霉菌毒素与地理上局限于巴尔干地区的地方性肾病（巴尔干地方性肾病）有关。单端孢霉烯族毒素尤其令人担忧，因为它们在世界各地的小麦、玉米和大麦中普遍存在。伏马毒素已从某些镰刀菌属中分离出来，其中FB1、FB2和FB3是天然污染食品中产生的主要毒素。这些霉菌毒素是在田间生长时，由感染镰刀菌的谷物产生的。本研究的目的是评估罗马尼亚西部谷物中镰刀菌属的存在情况，并测定脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）和伏马毒素（F1+F2）的浓度。使用真菌种类总数测定法对镰刀菌属进行鉴定。用免疫酶法ELISA测定霉菌毒素的含量。对罗马尼亚西部三个县农村家庭的27个谷物样本进行了分析。
