Kristjanson L, Chalmers K
School of Nursing, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Public Health Nurs. 1990 Dec;7(4):215-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1446.1990.tb00639.x.
Although research activity is increasingly aimed at examining health outcomes of community health nursing care, little empirical literature systematically describes the nurse-client interaction. In this pilot study nurse-client interactions were evaluated to describe their detailed elements. Nineteen such interactions occurring in a Canadian public health department were videotaped by a professional filming crew. The clinical situations included home visits, school health interviews and screening, health classes, and clinic work. The audio portion of the nurse-client exchanges were transcribed from the videotapes onto a computer and analyzed using content analysis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nurses and clients after the filming to elicit their perceptions of the interactions. Field notes describing nonverbal and contextual data were also collected and analyzed. The central process identified during the interactions was called "creating common ground." This integrating conceptual schema captured the give and take as each participant defined territory and revealed information. The process varied depending on care context, process skills of the nurse, and willingness of the client to engage.
尽管研究活动越来越多地旨在检验社区卫生护理的健康结果，但很少有实证文献系统地描述护士与客户之间的互动。在这项试点研究中，对护士与客户之间的互动进行了评估，以描述其详细要素。加拿大一个公共卫生部门发生的19次此类互动由专业拍摄团队进行了录像。临床情况包括家访、学校健康访谈和筛查、健康课程以及诊所工作。护士与客户交流的音频部分从录像带转录到计算机上，并使用内容分析法进行分析。拍摄结束后，对护士和客户进行了半结构化访谈，以了解他们对互动的看法。还收集并分析了描述非语言和背景数据的实地记录。互动过程中确定的核心过程被称为“创造共同基础”。这种整合的概念模式捕捉了每个参与者定义领域和透露信息时的相互让步。该过程因护理背景、护士的过程技能以及客户参与的意愿而有所不同。
