Behesthirouy Samad, Kakaei Farzad, Azhough Ramin, Fakhrjou Ashraf
Thoracic Surgery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Int J Surg Case Rep. 2012;3(9):420-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2012.05.001. Epub 2012 May 14.
Bronchial leiomyoma is one of the rarest benign tumors of the lower respiratory system, compromising less than 2% of reported benign pulmonary tumors. Chemical warfare is a known cause of chronic pulmonary diseases in soldiers who survives of the chemical wars. Most of these patients are chronically under treatment by respiratory drugs and acute exacerbations of their symptoms prompt for investigations for diagnosis of a new complication in these patients.
In this case report we present a 43 y/o male chemical warfare victim who was under treatment for his respiratory disease for near 20 years but at last bronchial leiomyoma was diagnosed as the cause of exacerbation of his symptoms. He was undergone right thoracotomy and sleeve resection of left main bronchus. Severe adhesions plus lymphadenitis in the mediastinum might be due to the effects of prior inflammatory process.
Because of rarity of this tumor, bronchial leiomyoma in this patient may be the result of previous exposure to nitrogen mustard but the exact relationship remained to be confirmed.
Although the association between chemical warfare and lung neoplasias has not been well understood, it is the first time that a bronchial leiomyoma is reported in a nitrogen mustard survivor.
支气管平滑肌瘤是下呼吸道最罕见的良性肿瘤之一，占已报道的良性肺肿瘤的比例不到2%。化学战是化学战幸存者患慢性肺部疾病的已知原因。这些患者大多长期接受呼吸药物治疗，症状的急性加重促使对这些患者进行检查以诊断新的并发症。
在本病例报告中，我们介绍了一名43岁的男性化学战受害者，他因呼吸系统疾病接受治疗近20年，但最终诊断支气管平滑肌瘤是其症状加重的原因。他接受了右开胸手术和左主支气管袖状切除术。纵隔严重粘连伴淋巴结炎可能是先前炎症过程的影响所致。
由于这种肿瘤罕见，该患者的支气管平滑肌瘤可能是先前接触芥子气的结果，但确切关系仍有待证实。
虽然化学战与肺肿瘤之间的关联尚未完全明确，但这是首次在芥子气幸存者中报告支气管平滑肌瘤。
