The epidemiologic characteristics of slipped capital femoral epiphysis in Maori children.

BACKGROUND

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) has been shown to have considerable racial variation. Children of Polynesian, and especially Maori, ethnicity are thought to have the highest worldwide incidence. Despite this, very little published literature exists to corroborate this. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of SCFE in the largest series of Maori children ever published.

METHODS

Case notes and radiographs were used to analyze the demographic and slip characteristics of all SCFE admissions over a 10-year period. Comparisons of these characteristics were made between Maori and New Zealand European (NZE) children and census data were used to provide incidences and racial frequencies for the two groups.

RESULTS

A total of 130 Maori children and 44 NZE children had a new diagnosis of SCFE during the study period. For the "at-risk" age group (5 to 14 y), incidence in Maori children (81/100,000) was significantly higher than NZEs (11.3/100,000) (P≤0.001). Maori had a more even distribution of SCFE between males and females (P=0.04), with a lower age at presentation (P=0.002) and a higher incidence of bilateral SCFE (P=0.05). Female children also had a younger age at presentation (P=0.001) and higher incidence of future contralateral SCFE (P=0.02).

CONCLUSIONS

This is the first published study primarily looking at the epidemiologic characteristics of SCFE in Maori children. It would appear that Maori children have the highest reported worldwide frequency of SCFE and present at a younger age with a greater rate of bilateral SCFE than their counterparts.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Prognostic Level III.